第十一届世界矿山通风大会论文集.pdf

Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress Chang Ed. Te proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress 11th IMVC, is focused on mine ventilation，occupational health and safety. Te IMVC has become the most infuential international mine ventilation event in the world, and has long been a popular forum for ventilation researchers, practitioners, academics, equipment manufacturers and suppliers, consultants and government ofcials around the globe to explore research results, exchange best practices, and to launch new products for a better and safer industry. It also serves as a useful plat to attract and train future ventilation professionals and mine planning engineers, as well as for mining companies to discover better practices to provide better ventilation planning. Xintan Chang Editor Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress Xintan Chang Editor RMB 358.00 （TD-0254.01） C M Y CM MY CY CMY K Ω∑-∆Ω◊∞∑‚√-∏ƒ.pdf 1 2018/8/30 1646 Xintan Chang Editor Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress 123 （常心坦） （第十一届世界矿山通风大会论文集） Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress Xintan Chang Editor Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress 123 （常心坦） （第十一届世界矿山通风大会论文集） Editor Xintan Chang Xi’an University of Science and Technology Xi’an, Shaanxi, China ISBN 978-981-13-1419-3ISBN 978-981-13-1420-9eBook https//doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1420-9 Jointly published with Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd., 2018 The print edition is not for sale outside the Mainland of China Not for sale in Hong Kong SAR. Macan SAR. and Taiwan, and all countries except the Mainland of China Library of Congress Control Number 2018948596 Science Press and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publishers, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or ination storage and retri, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar ology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are mpt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publishers, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and ination in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publishers nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publishers remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affi liations. Published by Scirnce Press 16 Donghuangchenggen North Street Beijing 100717,P.R.China Printed in Beijing ISBN 978-7-03-058729-9 Science Press, Beijing, China With the theme of “Progress in Technology and Management to Promote Health, Safety through Green Mining”, main topics of this Congress include ventilation planning and design, mine dusts and dusts control, mine gas extraction and gas management, gas outburst prediction and control, explosion prediction and control, diesel particulate matter measurement and control, mine fi re, coal spontaneous combustion problems, occupational health, heating and refrigeration, and mine climatic control, mine fans, auxiliary ventilation, detection, monitoring and automation, mine emergency design and rescue technology, mine safety laws and regulations, mine health and safety education and training. The Organization Committee is gratifi ed by the positive response to the Congressout of the over 155 abstracts, 89 papers are included in this proceeding, with the authors repre- senting over 20 countries. In addition to technical sessions, the Congress program also includes an opening session, a closing session, a pre-congress workshop with eight topics on issues and solutions, 15 invited speakers with topics addressing current and emerging issues, and four fi eld trips visiting some of China’s largest and most effi cient modern mining operations. China is one of the world’s leading mineral-producing and mineral-consuming countries; its continued economic growth was the result of a combination of trade and investment, and a strong mineral industry that provides materials and energy. China’s mining industry is huge producing and consuming more than 10 billion tons of mineral products each year from nearly 100,000 enterprises of various mining, processing and equipment manufacturing, and playing a critical role in the development of China as well as global economic growth. The majority of these are underground operations where ventilation is critical to its success. Due to the advent of mining technological development, shutting down and consolidation of thousands of unsafe and ineffi cient small-scale operations, as well as enhanced government supervision and enforcement, the mining industry has witnessed an increased mineral production with improved mine safety and effi - ciency. Mining accidents and fatality rate have been continuously improving, with per 100,000 h rate approaching that of the developed countries. Despite these impressive gains, many issues still remain, especially in mine ventilation and in occupational health and safety. The professional progresses in mine ventilation over past several decades have been impressive; it is important that we maintain this momentum. In an era of globalization, it is also essential that the Chinese mining community interacts with the world and learn from them. On the other hand, the world community also benefi ts from a safe and healthy Chinese mining industry. The Congress is pleased to be able to gather hundreds of mining and ventilation engineers, scientists, technical services, mine managers, and health professionals in one place, to provide viForeword an excellent opportunity for our fellow ventilation colleagues overseas to interact with their Chinese counterpart up close, and vice versa. This will no doubt help everybody to further improve mine health and safety through more effi cient tech- nologies and better management. I wish the 11th IMVC a complete success Huainan, China May 2018 Liang Yuan Forewordvii Preface Ever since its debut in South Africa in 1975, the International Mine Ventilation Congress IMVC has now become the most infl uential conference worldwide in mine ventilation, safety, and occupational health. For the fi rst time in its history, the 11th IMVC will be held in China, jointly hosted by Xi’an University of Science and Technology XUST and China University of Mining and Technology CUMT. It offers a rare opportunity for the world to explore China’s mining industry closely, and for Chinese ventilation professionals to interact with their colleagues outside of China as well. Like the previous Congresses, such a world event would not be possible without the participation of professionals in the community worldwide. The Organizing Committee received a total of 215 abstracts, out of which 89 papers are selected by the Editorial Committee. The number of domestic abstracts from China reaches 155, or 72 of total abstracts ted, and the domestic papers eventually selected is 36, or 40.4 of total papers in the Proceedings, far beyond the number of papers authored by Chinese professionals in previous Congresses. The Proceedings cover a wide range of topics, including ventilation design and planning, diesel exhaust emission and control, dust and methane control, occupa- tional health and safety, mine environment control, mine fi re and explosion pre- vention, coal spontaneous combustion control, emergency handling and mine rescue, etc., giving an indication of the trends and concerns of the industry over the years. Browsing through the Proceedings, mine gases, dusts, coal spontaneous combustion, and occupational health are still the concerns, which refl ects the fact that the focus on safety still remains the priority in mine ventilation, while pursuit for a higher standard of occupational health in mines is quite evident. The 11th IMVC has been enthusiastically embraced by China’s mining com- munity with aspirations for memorable success. China is a non-English-speaking country under an Eastern-style working environment, and thus presents great challenges for the preparation of the Congress with English as its working lan- guage. I would like to thank the mine ventilation community worldwide for their heartening contributions to the Congress, especially the hosting universities, and members of the Academic Committee, Advisory Committee, and Organizing ix Committee for their valuable supports. My sincere thanks also go to the colleagues and individuals for their whole-hearted coordination in program, fi eld trip, and exhibition arrangements; all chairpersons, authors, keynote, and workshop speak- ers; and volunteers for their irreplaceable efforts. The Proceedings is ready for the Congress now, I would like to single out specifi cally Profs. Jerry Tien, Duncan Chalmers, Shugang Li, and Deming Wang, as well as all members of the Editorial Board for their highly effective work in Proceedings compiling and editing. Welcome the 11th IMVC coming to China and wish the best for IMVC’s everlasting success. Xi’an, ChinaXintan Chang May 2018 xPreface continued IMVCYearHost City Prof. Fubao Zhou, China; Prof. Jerry Tien, USA Members of Editorial Board Prof. Xintan Chang, China; Prof. Jerry Tien, USA; Duncan Chalmers, Australia; Prof. Shugang Li, China; Prof. Deming Wang, China; Frank von Glehn, South Africa; Prof. Xinquan Zhou, China; Prof. Jun Deng, China; Prof. Fubao Zhou, China; Keith Wallace, USA; Prof. Tingxiang Ren, Australia; Dr. Liming Yuan, USA; Prof. Kray Luxbacher, USA; Prof. Jin Longzhe, China; Steve Hardcastle, Canada; Prof. Lin Boquan, China; Dr. Bharath Belle, Australia; Dr. Guang Xu, Australia; Dr. Hsin Wei Wu, Australia. xiii Part I Vent System Optimization I . Mobile Equipment Power SourceImpact on Ventilation Design Chery Allen1 as well as the associated impacts to the ventilation system design. Keywords VentilationDesignMobile equipmentAir volume HeatDieselBattery 1Introduction Mobile mining equipment powered by the diesel engine has proven very valuable and fl exible in its use; however, it also has a disadvantage of emitting heat, gaseous sub- stances and diesel particulate matter DPM. The World Health Organization WHO has confi rmed that diesel emissions are a known carcinogen [1] resulting in regulations allowing less exposure to contaminants. The requirement to curtail emissions and at the same time realizing a substantial increase in the cost of power and fuel; there is incentive to replace the diesel engine with an alternative power source such as a battery motor. The debate continues as to the degree of adoption of battery vehicles on surface and underground. As stated by CEO Atsushi Horiba “electric vehicles won’t ever make up more than a third of autos worldwide” due to the feasibility of building the scale of infrastructure required to enable battery powered cars [2]. However, change will be required to meet emission targets. “The North American and European markets have the strictest rules when it comes to air quality underground and, given that the European Union recently introduced a new standard on air quality for the industry Science Press and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 X. Chang ed., Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress, https//doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1420-9_1 Stage V which must be adopted by 2019, many mines will be considering whether to upgrade their current fl eets a costly rcise in-itself or make the switch to battery electrica technology that will see them much further into the future” [3]. An interim step of retro-fi tting an existing fl eet with high effi ciency diesel particulate fi lters DPF or implementing modern diesel engines i.e. Tier 4 is also an alternative strategy that could be practical, cost effective and a lower risk solution [4, 5]. Ventilation systems are necessary to dilute and remove contaminants from the mine; however, they are both capital and operating cost intensive. The electric power consumed to operate a mine ventilation system has been reported to be up to 40 of the entire mine’s electric power consumption [6], or even higher as measured in typical base metal Canadian mines consuming between 50 and 80 of the site’s electrical power demand [7]. Reducing the airfl ow into a mine will result in a signifi cant drop in power consumption; therefore, the alternative of mine designs employing battery/ electric equipment [8] as well as new mine project feasibility studies [9, 10] are underway. This paper will discuss ventilation design and the impact when diesel powered equipment is replaced and/or integrated with battery powered equipment in stages or in full. 1.1ology A mine design case study of a deep Canadian metal mine will compare the associated volumes, infrastructure and power requirements for 1 all diesel equipment, 2 hybrid with battery/electric and diesel equipment, 3 all battery/electric equipment based on agreed upon ventilation design criteria. Figure 1 shows the level layout used in the study analysis with locations and type of equipment considered to be part of a normal production fl eet. Table 1 lists the associated equipment power used in the design and analysis for each scenario. As can be seen, the power rating of the battery equipment is less 70 than that of the equivalent diesel equipment [6]. Table 2 lists the level air volumes required for the mobile equipment selection and Table 3 lists examples of the key parameters used for climatic calculations for each scenario. The resultant air volumes were based on meeting established reject air temperature criteria. 2Ventilation Design Criteria A set of design criteria provides a structured approach to meet the many demands of a ventilation design including solutions to ensure a safe work environment, fl exibility to meet a Life of Mine Plan, address technical issues related to primary airway systems and mining depth, be robust yet fi t-for-purpose, apply appropriate technology and economically responsible. Figure 2 is a graphical description of the ventilation design process. The established criteria should be developed such tha