电源及电动势.pdf

1 1 2 1 2 E 2 K ε ε ε εE U K q qEK 2-40 KEj σ K E E R 3 K0 Kε ε ε ε − ⋅ l dK ε K ⋅ L l dK ε K 4 1 , 2-41 07663V 0.337 V , 2 42 1.11V 243 2-44NH4ClZnCl2 MnO2 5 2-41 2-42 243 2-44 Zn MnO2 C NH4Cl 6 MnO2 1.5 V 2-2 2-2 7 2 1821 2-45 2 1 1212 TTbTTa−−ε a b a 0−80VK-1, a 50−103VK-1, 2-46 2 -45 2-46 8 a b 3 2-47 9 4 2-48 α2e α B 241Am α, 4.7MeV B α25 106V α B B 2-48 10 K KEj σ dl j dl j ld j ldKE⋅⋅⋅⋅ σσσ ⋅l dK ε K0 I jS IR S dl Il d j ⋅ σσ r, 11 Ir S dl Il d j ⋅ σσ 2-49 249 rRIε 12 1 0⋅∇ j Ej σσ0⋅∇ E ρ0, 1 2 3 E K 2 1 2