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1 1847 Kirchhoff Kirchhoff Kirchhoff Kirchhoff Kirchhoff 1 1 2-50 ABC D 2 AB BC BD 6 3 2-50 1 4 2-50 1 2 3 1 2 2-50 2 1 0 k k I 3 - 2 0RrUε εr R ε 3 n n-1 4 3 251 5 1 [] 2-52 [] n2 m2 l3 m-1l-n 3 − − − 02 2 0 1 0 32 31 132 RIRI RIRI III ε ε −− R I R I R I 5 3 ““ 5 5 2 3 2 1 ε ε ε 6 2-52 2 2-53 7 [] 2-53 [] I1 I2 − −− 02 0 122 211 ε ε RIIRI RIIRI I1 I2 aRb R III 5 3 21 ε − 3 [] 2-54 R1R2R3 R4G Rg G Ig [] 4 6 3 3 6 8 − − − −− − − 0 , 3 0 , 2 0 , 1 0 , 0 , 0 , 4422 4433 2211 43 13 21 εRIRI RIRIRI RIRIRI IIIC IIIB IIIA gg gg g 2-54 9 −− − ε g gg gg IRIRR IRRRIRIR IRIRIR 4242 432413 2211 0 0 ∆ ∆ g g I g ∆∆ 4321214343324121 442 4343 21 0 RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RRR RRRRR RRR g g g −− − ∆ ε ε 0 0 0 4132 42 43 21 RRRR RR RR RR g − − − ∆ 10 Ig0 g ∆ 4 2 3 1 R R R R R3R2/R4 R3 Ig0 R1 11 1 10-8Ω m10-6Ω m 10-6Ω m 106Ω m106Ω m1018Ω m 10-28 Ω m σ/ε0 3 j E , j E I U 6 12
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