ASME B31.1-2004 动力管道及2005及2006增补.pdf

AN AM E RIC A N NAT IO NAL STANDARD Power Piping ASME B31.1-2004 Revision of ASME B31.1-2001 ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31 Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMELicenseeWestinghouse Newington, NH/5945819003 Not for Resale, 07/07/2005 003252 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --,,,,,,,,,,,,,--,,,,,,,--- ANAMERICANNATIONALSTANDARD POWERPIPING ASMEB31.1-2004 RevisionofASMEB31.1-2001 ASMECODEFORPRESSUREPIPING,B31 Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMELicenseeWestinghouse Newington, NH/5945819003 Not for Resale, 07/07/2005 003252 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --,,,,,,,,,,,,,--,,,,,,,--- Date of Issuance August 16, 2004 Mandatory Date February 16, 2005 This Edition was approved by the American National Standards Institute and designated ASME B31.1-2004 on January 14, 2004 The 2004 Edition of this Code is being issued with an automatic update service that includes Addenda, Interpretations, and Cases. The next Edition is scheduled for publication in 2007. The use of Addenda allows revisions made in response to public review comments or committee actions to be published on a regular basis; revisions published in Addenda will become effective 6 months after the Date of Issuance of the Addenda. ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of the Code. The Interpretations are published in a separate supplement. Periodically certain actions of the ASME B31 Committee will be published as Cases. While these Cases do not constitute al revisions of the Code, they may be used in specifications, or otherwise, as representing considered opinions of the Committee. The Cases are published in a separate supplement. The user of the Code will note that metric equivalents of U.S. Customary units appear throughout this issue of the Code except for Appendix II. The values stated in U.S. Customary units are to be regarded as standard. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment which provides an opportunity for additional public from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable Letters Patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representatives or persons affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations issued in accordance with governing ASME procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individual volunteers. No part of this document may be reproduced in any , in an electronic retri system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright 2004 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMELicenseeWestinghouse Newington, NH/5945819003 Not for Resale, 07/07/2005 003252 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --,,,,,,,,,,,,,--,,,,,,,--- CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x Edition Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xii Chapter IScope and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 100General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Chapter IIDesign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Part 1Conditions and Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 101Design Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 102Design Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Part 2Pressure Design of Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 103Criteria for Pressure Design of Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 104Pressure Design of Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Part 3Selection and Limitations of Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 105Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 106Fittings, Bends, and Intersections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 107Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 108Pipe Flanges, Blanks, Flange Facings, Gaskets, and Bolting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Part 4Selection and Limitations of Piping Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 110Piping Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 111Welded Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 112Flanged Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 113Expanded or Rolled Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 114Threaded Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 115Flared, Flareless, and Compression Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 116Bell End Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 117Brazed and Soldered Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 118Sleeve Coupled and Other Proprietary Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 Part 5Expansion, Flexibility, and Pipe Supporting Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 119Expansion and Flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 120Loads on Pipe Supporting Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 121Design of Pipe Supporting Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Part 6Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 122Design Requirements Pertaining to Specific Piping Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Chapter IIIMaterials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 123General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 124Limitations on Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 125Materials Applied to Miscellaneous Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 Chatper IVDimensional Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 126Material Specifications and Standards for Standard and Nonstandard Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 Chapter VFabrication, Assembly, and Erection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 127Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 128Brazing and Soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78 129Bending and ing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 130Requirements for Fabricating and Attaching Pipe Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80 131Welding Preheat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80 iii Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMELicenseeWestinghouse Newington, NH/5945819003 Not for Resale, 07/07/2005 003252 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS --,,,,,,,,,,,,,--,,,,,,,--- 132Postweld Heat Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81 133Stamping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87 135Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87 Chapter VIInspection, Examination, and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89 136Inspection and Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89 137Pressure Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93 Figures 100.1.2ACode Jurisdictional Limits for Piping Forced Flow Steam Generator With No Fixed Steam and Water Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 100.1.2BCode Jurisdictional Limits for Piping Drum-Type Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 100.1.2CCode Jurisdictional Limits for Piping Spray-Type Desuperheater . . . . . . .4 104.2.1Nomenclature for Pipe Bends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 104.3.1DReinforcement of Branch Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 104.3.1GReinforced Extruded Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 104.5.3Types of Permanent Blanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 104.8.4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 122.1.7CTypical Globe Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 122.4Desuperheater Schematic Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 127.3Butt Welding of Piping Components With Internal Misalignment . . . . . . . . .71 127.4.2Welding End Transition Maximum Envelope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72 127.4.4AFillet Weld Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74 127.4.4BWelding Details for Slip-On and Socket-Welding Flanges; Some Acceptable Types of Flange Attachment Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 127.4.4CMinimum Welding Dimensions Required for Socket Welding Components Other Than Flanges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 127.4.8ATypical Welded Branch Connection Without Additional Reinforcement . . . . .75 127.4.8BTypical Welded Branch Connection With Additional Reinforcement . . . . . . .75 127.4.8CTypical Welded Angular Branch Connection Without Additional Reinforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 127.4.8DSome Acceptable Types of Welded Branch Attachment Details Showing Minimum Acceptable Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 127.4.8ETypical Full Penetration Weld Branch Connections for NPS 3 and Smaller Half Couplings or Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77 127.4.8FTypical Partial Penetration Weld Branch Connection for NPS 2 and Smaller Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77 135.5.3Typical Threaded Joints Using Straight Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88 Tables 102.3.2CStress Range Reduction Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 102.4.3Longitudinal Weld Joint Efficiency Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 102.4.5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 102.4.6B.1.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 102.4.6B.2.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 104.1.2AValues of y . . . . . . . . .