UASB法处理城市生活垃圾焚烧场渗滤液.pdf

参考文献 [ 1] 黄祖安. Carrousel 氧化沟脱氮除磷工艺的运行控制. 中国给水排 水, 2003,19 12. [ 2] 刘长荣, 常建一. Carrousel 氧化沟脱氮除磷工艺设计. 中国给水 排水, 2002,18 1. [ 3] 赵书华, 李长坤. 改良型Carrousel 氧化沟工艺的优化控制. 江苏 环境科技, 2004, 17 3. [ 4] 黄秀艳, 吕锡武. 一体化小型污水处理除磷脱氮的研究与进展. 污染防治技术, 2004, 17 1. [ 5] 韩魁声, 齐杰. 污水生物处理工艺技术. 大连 大连理工大学出 版社, 2004. 作者通讯处 唐敏康 341000 江西赣州市 江西理工大学环境与 建筑工程学院 2005- 05-23 收稿 UASB法处理城市生活垃圾焚烧场渗滤液 ＊ 邓黛青 1 夏凤毅 2 李光明 1 周仰原 1 赵修华 1 1.同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092;2.浙江省温州师范学院, 温州 325027 摘要 垃圾焚烧场的渗滤液具有 pH 低、污染成分复杂、CODCr浓度高、可生化性好等特点。 本研究探索了 UASB 法处 理焚烧场渗滤液时的快速启动方法, 考察了水力停留时间、容积负荷对 CODCr去除率的影响及产气量与 CODCr去除率 的关系, 结果表明, 在水力停留时间 6 d、容积负荷 5kg m3d 的情况下, CODCr去除率可达到 93, 每升原水产气量可 达 22. 5 L, 折合热值 492. 7 kJ。 关键词 UASB 垃圾焚烧场 渗滤液 0 引言 焚烧厂的垃圾渗滤液主要来源于垃圾本身的内 含水以及垃圾在堆酵过程中产生的水份 。由于垃圾 在焚烧场垃圾储坑内停留时间一般 8. 5 kg m 3 d 时, 絮状污泥被冲洗出反应器, 使 得去除率下降。 图 2 VLR与 CODCr去除率的关系图 2. 6 pH 对 CODCr去除率的影响 UASB 运行期间进出水 pH 和 CODCr去除率的关 系如图 3 所示 从图中可见 ,进水的 pH 波动较大, 而 出水的pH 则稳定在 7～ 8 之间,表明反应器内混合液 对 pH 有很强的缓冲能力 ,但从图中也可以很明显地 看到,进水 pH 高时 CODCr的去除率也相应增加。由 于焚烧场渗滤液是垃圾在垃圾储坑短时停留的渗出 液,其 pH 从一定程度上表明了渗滤液的水解酸化程 度。进水 pH 与CODCr去除率的正相关说明了渗滤原 液的水解酸化程度对出水 CODCr去除率有一定的 影响 [ 9] 。 图3 pH 与 CODCr去除率的关系图 3 结论 1 产气量与 CODCr的去除量呈良好的正相关关 系,实际的工程可以运用产气量作为反映其处理效能 的表征指标。 2 当水力停留时间 5. 5 d 时 , 随 HRT 增加, CODCr去除率在 84 的基础上缓慢上升 , 因而在实际 的工程应用中须考查其他的经济技术指标来确定最 佳HRT 。 3 反应器内颗粒污泥能承受较大的容积负荷, 而絮状污泥则能创造更高的 CODCr去除率, 控制反应 器内产气强度在 8 m 3 m2d 时可以淘洗出絮状污 泥,截留颗粒污泥 。产气强度 11 m 3 m2d 则会造 成颗粒污泥的洗出。 4 渗滤原液 pH 从一定程度上表明了渗滤液的 水解酸化程度, 进水 pH 与 CODCr去除率的正相关说 明了渗滤原液的水解酸化程度对出水 CODCr去除率 有较大的影响 , 因而当进水 pH 过低时 , 应考虑向反 应器中投碱以维持最适 pH 。 5 原水中的高污染物从另一方面看待就是高能 源,UASB能有效将渗滤液中的污染物转化为沼气能 源,结合垃圾焚烧场本身拥有发电机组的优势, 完全 可以实现减污和节能的双重目的。 参考文献 [ 1] 张益, 赵由才. 生活垃圾焚烧技术. 北京 化学工业出版社, 2000. [ 2] 中国环境保护总局. 水和废水监测分析方法 第四版 . 北京 中 国环境科学出版社, 2002. [ 3] R. E. 斯皮思. 工业废水的厌氧生物技术. 北京 中国建筑工业 出版社, 2001. [ 4] 贺延龄. 废水厌氧生物处理. 北京 中国轻工业出版社, 1998. [ 5] 姚刚, 秦麒源. 上流式厌氧污泥床的性能研究. 中国给水排水, 1994,10 1 7 -11. [ 6] Lettings. G. et at . Use of The Upflow Sludge Blanket USBReactor Concept for Biological Wastewater Treatment, Especially for Anaerobic Treatment. Biotechnology and Bioengineering . 1980, 22 784 -792. [ 7] K. J. Kennedy , E. M. Lentz. Treament of Landfill Leachate Using Sequencing Batch and Continous Flow Upflow Anarobic Sludge Blanket UASBReactors. Wat . Res. ,2000, 34 14 3640 -3656. [ 8] 郑平, 徐向阳, 胡宝兰. 新型生物脱氮理论与技术. 北京 科学出 版社, 2004. [ 9] Osman Nuri A. gda , Delia Teresa Sponza . Anaerobic Aerobic Treatment of Municipal Landfill Leachate in Sequential Two-stage Up -flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor UASB Completely Stirred Tank Reactor CSTRSystems. Process Biochemistry ,2005, 40 895 -902. [ 10] 胡纪萃, 周孟津, 左剑恶, 周琪, 何苗. 废水厌氧生物处理理论与 技术. 北京 中国建筑工业出版社,2003. 作者通讯处 邓黛青 200092 上海市 同济大学环境学院污染控 制与资源化研究国家重点实验室 105 电话 021 65989215 E -mail lilly-deng 163. com 2005- 05-27 收稿 13 环 境 工 程 2006年 4 月第24 卷第2 期 BIO-TREATMENT OF AMMONIA -CONTAINING WASTE WATER FROM CHEMICAL FERTILIZER INDUSTRY WITH A MULTIPLE AIRLIFT LOOP REACTOR Mao Guozhu Wen Jianping Jia Xiaoqiang et al7 Abstract A 80m3gas-liquid-solid three -phase flow multiple airlift loop bioreactor ALRwith a low ratio of height to diameter shas been putinto practice in nitrifying the effluent in one chemical fertilizer plant in China. The influences of the air -to -water flow ratio and hydraulic residence time on ammonia nitrogen reductionare investigated and discussed. The optimum operating conditionssuch as air -to -water flow ratio of 50 and HRT of 5 hours are found. In addition, the average removal rates of CODCrand NH 4-N are respectively higher than 75 and 98. The treatment results of the effluent CODCr50 mg L and NH 4-N10mg L, which are satisfactory. Keywords ammonia nitrogen, bio -treatment, multiple airlift loop reactor and low ratio of height to diameter ANALYSIS OF PHOSPHOROUS AND NITROGEN REMOVAL BY IMPROVED DE OXIDATION DITCH PROCESSTang Minkang XuJianhong Zeng Yan9 Abstract Based on the good effect of Xindou Wastewater Treatment Plant for selecting improved DE oxidation ditch process, it is analysed the improved process and the improved DE oxidation ditch itself. Finally the improved experiments for strengthening phosphorous and nitrogen removal are summarized. Keywords DE oxidation ditch, phosphorous and nitrogen removal, process flow andwastewater treatment TREATMENT OF LEACHATE FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN INCINERATOR WITH UASB Deng Daiqing Xia Fengyi Li Guangming et al 11 Abstract Leachate from solidwaste store -tank in municipal solid waste incinerators factory has the character of high organic contamination and low pH. The start -up perance of commercial -scale UASB reactors to treat leachate at ambient temperature was investigated. The experiment was also designed to investigate the effects of CODCrdegrading efficient on HRT and VLD. The resultsindicate that at a HRT of 6 d and the VLD of 5 kg m3d, the CODCrdegrading efficiency is above 85, and the gas produced from the organic contamination of each raw leachate is 22. 5 L. Keywords UASB, municipal solidwaste, incinerator and leachate EXPERIMENTALSTUDYONRESIDENTIALSEWAGETREATMENTBYMEMBRANE- SEQUENCING BIOREACTORGao Yulan Feng Xudong Wang Ping 14 Abstract Membrane -sequencing bioreactor was used to treat residential sewage. The stability of system was investigated without sludge discharge. The result shows that the average removal efficiency of CODCr, ammonia nitrogen and turbidity has reached 89. 8, 99. 3 and 99. 6 respectively under the conditions of air -water ratio 35∶ 1, operation period 5. 75 h. The membrane has a contribution to the removal efficiency of CODCr, ammonia nitrogenand turbidity respectively with 10. 2, 0. 1 and 9. 5. The membrane separation process can enhance the waste water treatment effect and trans -membrane pressure TMP rises slowly. The effluent quality was superior to the standards for water reuse. Keywords membrane -sequencing bioreactor, residential sewage and ammonia nitrogen TREATMENTOFLEACHATEFROMMUNICIPALSOLIDWASTELANDFILLSBY EVAPORATION INVACUUMYang Qi He Pinjing Shao Liming 17 Abstract Evaporation has been used for treatment of landfill leachate at a certain extent. After a brief summary of development of evaporation technology in treatment of landfill leachate, the emphasis is put on the introduction to a new type of technology -evaporationin vacuum, which is considered to be able to avoid the primary problem of traditional evaporations equipment erosion, and has a low demand on energy supply. The effluent of evaporation in vacuum can be discharged directly to sewage treatment plant, or can be reused after a treatment by membrane. Keywords landfill leachate, equipment erosion, evaporation in vacuum and reverse osmosis PRETREATMENT TEST OF ANTIBIOTICWASTEWATERWITH SUPERHIGHCONCENTRATION Qing Xiangchun Chen Fanzhong Ye Hengpeng et al 20 Abstract The pretreatment of the antibiotic wastewater was studied. The process is flocculation※a biochemical hydrolyzation by the acclimated bacillus anoxic hydrolyzation※re -flocculation※catalytic oxidationby Fenton reagent. Each chemicaloxygen demand CODCrremoval efficiency of the processes is 30. 31, 27. 0, 32 . 88 and33. 82. The chemical oxygen demand CODCrof the wastewater was reducedfrom over 50 000mg L to about 10 000mg L. It provided a of the pretreatment of antibiotic wastewater. Keywords antibiotic wastewater, flocculation, bacillus and Fenton reagent APPLICATIONOFAIR -FLOATATIONANDSBRINTREATMENTOFSILK-MAKING WASTEWATERLi Naiwei Wang Litong Shi Hui 23 2 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Vol. 24, No. 2,Apr. ,2006