PAC-MBR组合工艺处理城市污水.pdf

水 污 染 治 理 PAC-MBR 组合工艺处理城市污水 ＊ 裴 亮 1 姚秉华 1,2 1. 西安理工大学水利水电学院, 陕西 西安 710048; 2. 西安理工大学理学院, 陕西 西安 710048 摘要 采用 PAC -MBR组合工艺处理城市污水, 考察了该工艺对 COD、NH 4-N 和浊度的去除效果, 试验结果表明, 在水 温26℃、DO4. 5 mg L 及 pH 为 6～ 9的条件下 , 组合工艺对 COD、NH 4-N 和浊度的去除效果较好, 平均去除率分别 达到 88、98和 98以上, 高于单独MBR 工艺和常规工艺。 出水 COD 约为 22 mg L, NH 4-N 4. 5 mg L 时, 系统对 COD 的 去除率 88。 由图 3 可知, PAC- MBR 对 COD 的去 除率为 85. 9～ 90. 5,平均为 88. 4。相对于常规处理工 艺而言 ,PAC- MBR工艺的去除效果要更好一些。分 析认为,投加到生物反应器中的粉末活性炭可以与微 生物吸附凝聚在一起而形成生物活性炭 ,同时存在微 生物降解和活性炭吸附的协同作用 ,加之膜的高效分 离,确保了出水水质良好 ,并且能去除那些单纯采用 生化处理或活性炭吸附所不能去除的污染物质。在 历时几个月的试验中 , 进水 COD 波动较大, 但出水 COD稳定,约为 22 mg L ,优于中国建设部生活杂用水 水质标准 CJ25. 1-89 [ 8] , 系统对 COD 的平均去除 率 88。 图3 不同工艺对 COD 去除的影响 2. 3 对氨氮的去除效果 试验中发现,温度、 pH 和DO 浓度对 PAC- MBR系 统去除 NH 4- N 有明显的影响。试验结果得出, 当反 应器内水温 23℃, pH 为 6 ～ 8, DO 4. 03 mg L 时, 系统对NH 4- N 的去除率 97。 PAC- MBR 对氨氮具有较好的去除效果 见图 4 , 出水氨氮为 0. 3 ～ 1. 02 mg L , 去除率为 96. 4～ 99. 5 平均为 98. 1 , 比单独 MBR 工艺要高出 6,比常规工艺高出 20, 说明投加 PAC 可提高 MBR 系统的硝化率, 使反应器内的硝化菌比不加 PAC 时具有更高的活性或更大的数量 。试验第 1 天, 出水氨氮去除率偏低是由于反应器中的硝化菌数量 有限, 且同期有机氮转化为氨氮的速度大于硝化速 度,故出现了出水氨氮比进水高的现象。随着试验的 进行, 温度适宜 水温 23℃ ,反应器中的硝化菌数 量不断增加 , 氨氮去除率为 99。出水 NH 4- N 25℃、 DO5 mg L 、 pH 为 6～ 9 的条件下 ,系统 对COD和 NH 4- N 的去除效果较好。 3 PAC- MBR组合工艺对 COD、 NH 4- N 和浊度的 去除率分别大于 88、 98和98。出水 COD、 NH 4- N 和浊度分别小于 22 mg L 、 1 mg L 和 1NTU, 悬浮物 和大肠菌群被完全去除, 出水优于中国建设部生活杂 用水水质标准 CJ25. 1- 89 。PAC- MBR组合工艺对有 机物和氨氮的去除效果优于单独MBR 工艺 。 4 对于已污染的膜, 水反冲洗 、 水 -酸洗、水 - 碱洗可分 别使膜 通量 恢复 至新膜 的 43、81 和89。 参考文献 [ 1] 杨琦, 尚海涛, 杨春, 等. A O -MBR 工艺处理城市污水的研究. 中国给水排水, 2006, 22 7 101 -104 [ 2] Li Y Z , He Y L,Liu Y H,et al.Comparison of the filtration characteristics between biological powdered activated carbon sludge and activated sludge in submerged membrane bioreactors.Desalination, 2005, 174 305 -314 [ 3] 傅金祥, 苏锦明, 周晴, 等. 温度对 PAC -MBR 组合工艺的影响. 膜科学与技术, 2005, 25 6 55-58 [ 4] 王晓莲, 彭永臻, 王宝贞, 等. PAC -UF 组合系统在饮用水处理中 的实验研究. 水处理技术, 2005, 31 3 56 -60 [ 5] Bae Tae-Hyun, Tak Tae-Moon. Interpretation of fouling characteristics of ultrafiltration membranes during the filtration of membrane bioreactor missed liquor. Mem. Sci. , 2005, 264 151 -160 [ 6] 谭德君, 王雅琴, 尤朝阳, 等. 膜生物反应器处理生活污水的实 验研究. 水处理技术, 2007, 33 5 37 -40 [ 7] 裴亮, 董波, 姚秉华, 等. PAC - MBR 组合工艺处理焦化废水的试 验研究. 中国给水排水, 2007, 23 13 60 -62 [ 8] CJ25. 1 -89 中国建设部生活杂用水水质标准 作者通信处 裴亮 710048 陕西西安市金花南路 5 号 西安理工大 学水利水电学院 411 信箱 E -mail pellys38994327qq. com 2007- 11-19 收稿 9 环 境 工 程 2008年 6 月第26 卷第3 期 POWDER ACTIVATEDCARBON -MEMBRANEBIOREACTORFORTREATMENT OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATERPei Liang Yao Binghua7 Abstract The combined process of powdered activated carbonPACand membrane bioreactor MBRwas applied for treatment of municipal wastewater. The removal efficienciesof COD, NH 4-N and turbidity inthe combined processwere investigated. The result showedthat the combined process may achieve better removal efficiencies of COD,NH 4-N and turbidity, when water temperature is above 26℃, DO is above 4. 5 mg L and pH is between 6 and 9. The average removal efficiencies of COD, NH 4-N and turbidity in the combined process were 88, 98 and 98 respectively, and was better than that of single MBR process and conventional process. The effluent COD was less than 22 mg L andNH 4-N was less than 1 mg L, turbidity was less than 1NTU. It was better than that of water for domestic reuse stated by the Ministy of Construction CJ25. 1-89 . The fouled membrane was cleaned by water rinsing ,water -acid rinsing, water -alkali rinsing , which can let its flux be restored to 43, 81, 89 of a new membrane respectively. Keywords powder activated carbon membrane bioreactor domestic wastewater INACTIVATION OF MICROBE IN RUNNING WATER USING MICROWAVE ELECTRODELESS ULTRAVIOLET LIGHTLou Chaogang Xia Dongsheng Zhao Fan et al 10 Abstract E. coli and Bacillus subtilis were selected to express respectively the easily and difficultly inactivated microbe, and the best irradiationtime and the limit turbidity of microwave electrodeless ultraviolet UVirradiation were studied.In this condition, checking the disinfection of E. coli and Bacillus subtilis, and compared with mercury lamp of medium pressure.The results showed that when best irradiation time was 210 s, microwave electrodeless ultraviolet irradiation can achieve inactivation rate of 99. 92.In order to obtain the best results of disinfection effect, the water of turbidity was below 8 NTU, the limit turbidity of disinfection was 40 NTU;microwave electrodeless ultraviolet irradiation can achieve inactivation rate of 100with 180 s, and the Bacillus subtilis inactivation rate of 100with 300 s, it is more effective than mercury lamp of medium pressure disinfection. Keywords E. coli Bacillus subtilis limit turbidity drinking water disinfection efficiency electrodeless UV lamp STUDY ON THE BULKING SLUDGE INTHE PROCESS OF SHORT RANGE NITRIFICATIONOF HIGH AMMONIA WASTEWATERHou Qiaoling WenYibo Li Linbao et al 13 Abstract A O technique was used to treat simulated high ammonia wastewater, the stability short -cut nitrification could be implemented by controlling the right content accumulation rate≥80, the activated sludge had good settling property, in the late of the short-range nitrification it was degraded gradually . It is showed by the experimental results that increasing N P ratio in the wastewater can slightly dropSVI, but still can not effectively ease the sludge bulking.The bulking sludge would be occurredwhen COD load was above 0. 27 kg kgd .Controlled DO with 1. 5 to 2. 0 mg L, the solid-liquid separation result is good, and the removal rates of NH 4-N and COD, as well as the cumulative rate of nitrite nitrogen are greater than 90, sludge bulking can be effectively controlled. Keywords short -range nitrification sludge bulking A O process TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING CrⅥ BY PVA MICRO-BALL ENTRAPPED IRON POWDER AND ACTIVATE CARBONHuang Yi 15 Abstract Micro -ball entrapped iron powder activate carbonwas prepared by liquid -liquid phase separation and its effect on treating the simulationwastewater containing CrⅥ was investigated. The results showed that the removal rate of CrⅥ could reach 99 . 7 at pH value of 2 and treating time of 4 h. The effluent could reach the discharge standardof China, the treatment operated steadily and the iron powder and activate carbon did not agglomerate in the continuous removal process. So this is superior to the common iron -carbonmicro -electrolytic . Keywords entrapping iron powder activate carbon Cr Ⅵ TREATMENT OF NEOPRENE WASTEWATER WITHMICROELECTROLYSIS AND THREE -UNIT BIOCHEMISTRY PROCESSZhang Sheng Xu Lirong Zhu Jianrong et al 18 Abstract A pilot study on the treatment neoprene wastewater with integrated microelectrolysis and three -unit biochemistry process was done. The experiment results under the stable condition showed that COD removal rate was up to 97. 6, COD concentration of the effluent could be reduced to less than 300 mg L. Keywords microelectrolysis three -unit biochemistry process neoprene wastewater treatment of pilot scale DEGRADATION OF SAFRANINE T BY THE TECHNOLOGY OF CATALYTIC OXIDATION Wang Lijuan Huang Jiguo Dong Lili et al 20 Abstract The technology of catalytic oxidation is studied for degrading safranine T. The self-made polyoxometalate Zn1. 5PW12O40nanotube is used as the catalyst and dioxygen is used as the oxidizer. The results show Zn1. 5PW12O40is sutiable for catalyst, with the structure of the Zn1. 5- PW12O40being hollowed, the type of the Zn1. 5PW12O40being affiliated to the type of heteropoly acids, and the scale of the Zn1. 5PW12O40being nanometer -scale; in the oxidation system of air, the optimum reaction time is 4 hours, and correspondently the degradation rate and the degradation velocity are respectively 78 and 665μ g h; the activity and stability are both high, andwhen the circulation times are four, the degradation is still 65. Keywords nanotube dioxygen safranine T degradation rate circulation 2 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Vol. 26, No. 3, June ,2008