Common Metals (常见的金属).ppt

CommonMetals常見的金屬,,IntegratedChemistryToday,Book1A,2ndEdition8.1Somecommonarticlesmadefrommetalspg121-122,Discussionpg121,1aWhichmetalisusedakingeachofthearticlesshowninFig8.1,TungstenW,AluminiumAl,IronFe,IronFeTinSn,DuraluminAlMg,CopperCu,IntegratedChemistryToday,Book1A,2ndEdition8.2Generalpropertiesofmetalspg122-123,UsesofCommonMetals,,GeneralPropertiesofMetal金屬的一般特性,Shiny,withlustre有光澤SilveryWhiteincolourexceptAuCuHardandStrongMalleable可展–canbehammeredintoasheetwithoutbreaking.Ductile可延–canbedrawnintoawirewithoutbreaking.Goodconductorofheatandelectricity.Canbecast鑄造intodifferentshapeseasily.,Statetheusesofthemetalsandtherelatedproperties.,Statetheusesofthemetalsandtherelatedproperties.,Statetheusesofthemetalsandtherelatedproperties.,Usesrelatedtocharacteristics特質ofdifferentmetals,Statethefactorsaffectingthechoiceofmetalforaparticularuse.,,Statethefactorsaffectingthechoiceofmetalforaparticularuse.,Appearance外觀,Strength強度,Electricalconductivity導電性,Thermalconductivity導熱性,Malleability可延性,Ductility可展性Resistancetocorrosion侵蝕,Resistancetoabrasion磨蝕,IntegratedChemistryToday,Book1A,2ndEdition8.3Pricesofmetalspg122-123,Anotherimportantfactoraffectingthechoiceofmetal,Anotherimportantfactoraffectingthechoiceofmetal,,Factorsaffectingthe,,,Supply供應,Demand需求,Factorsaffectingthe,,,Supply供應,Demand需求,,Factorsaffectingthe,Supply供應Abundance豐度/Costofextraction提煉mining開採Demand需求Properties特性/Uses用途,,Classworkpg124,1083C,gold,copper,gold,iron,aluminium,alargeamountofenergyrequiredtoextractaluminium,theabundanceofironishigherthanthatofcopper,furthermorecopperhasmoredesirablepropertiesthaniron.,IntegratedChemistryToday,Book1A,2ndEdition8.4Choosingtherightmetalforaparticularusepg124-126,Discussionpg126,1.Supposeyouareaskedtochooseametalakingoverheadpowertransmissioncables.aListthecharacteristicthechosenmetalshouldhave.bWhichmetalwouldyouchooseExplainyourchoice.,highelectricalconductivity,light,hightensilestrength,cheapifpossible,resistanttocorrosion,ductile,Discussionpg126,,B,C,A,D,Disscussionpg126,weightof1m3xcostof1tonnedensityxcostof1tonne,tinplatedsteel,,lowstrength-deeasilyinmakingandtransportationlowmelting-cannotwithstandtheheatinfoodprocessingtinistoxic,Discussionpg126,,,Lowertransportationcost.,Strongenoughtoresistdamageduringmanufactureandtransportation.,Easytosealafterfilling.,Attractive.,Easytoopen.,Resistanttocorrosion.,Cheapermaterialcost.,Q1pg130,expensive,attractive,light,strong,highmelting,highconductivity,highconductivity,ductile,cheap,strong,Q2pg130,Listthegeneralpropertiesofmetals,Shiny,Malleable,Ductile,Highelectricalandthermalconductivity,Usuallyhighmeltingandboiling,Usuallydense,Usuallyhardandstrong,Q6-9pg130,Q10pg130,