云南瑞丽江—大盈江中下游地区生态地质环境综合评价.doc

云南瑞丽江大盈江中下游地区生态地质环境综合评价 【中文摘要】云南瑞丽江大盈江中下游地区位于我国西南边境的云南、广西陆地边界地区。地处低纬高原,地形地貌复杂多样,在1988～2002的近十四年时间里,云南瑞丽江大盈江中下游地区的社会经济发展十分迅速,人类社会经济活动明显增强,对自然资源、环境生态系统的影响也日益加强。该区的湿地、水土、城市交通等方面发生了明显的变化,区域生态地质环境也受到一定程度的影响。为了了解云南瑞丽江大盈江中下游地区特定的地质背景、地理格式、自然生态条件以及人类活动的共同作用对其区域地质环境状况的影响状况,本论文依照流域分析法,把云南瑞丽江大盈江中下游地区划分为6个分流域,采用了层次分析法确定生态地质环境各个评价因子的权重,在此基础之上进行地质环境综合评价。本论文所选用的评价因子主要包括区域稳定性、水土流失情况、河流湖泊湿地状况以及人口、均匀降水量和均匀气温。其中,水土流失情况、河流湖泊湿地状况分别通过1988年和2002年的TM/ETM的远感影像解译所得,区域稳定性通过1∶250万区域地质图并结合地质灾难、地震等资料所得。人口、均匀降水量和均匀气温由全国统计调查数据所得。通过生态地质环境综合评价,把云南瑞丽江大盈江中下游地区的6个分流域划分为3个等级,分别为生态地质环境良好区,生态地质环境中等区,生态地质环境较差区,并针对部分流域生态地质环境恶化的状况给出自己的建议。; 【Abstract】 The downstream area of Ruilijiang River-Dayingjiang River is situated in the southwest of Yunnan province and boundary of Guangxi province. Its physiognomy is very complexity. Between the year 19882002, the community and economy of downstream area of Ruilijiang River-Dayingjiang River is developing very fast. In the same time, the influence of human activity, which has a great influence in natural resources and circumstance ecosystem, is also increasing quickly. So the wetland、water、soil and transportation of this area have a great change. The Ecological-Geological environment has been affected a lot.To find out Ecological-Geological environment condition in downstream area of Ruilijiang River-Dayingjiang River, this thesis adopts drainage basin analytical . We divide downstream area of Ruilijiang River-Dayingjiang River into 6 drainage basins and use AHP to investigate the weightiness of every factorial appraisement.Genes of appraisement in this thesis include stability of area, the grade of water and soil loss, and the situation of stream, lake and wetland. Those also include the situation of population, rainfall and air temperature. The data of water and soil loss and the situation of stream, lake and wetland come from image of TM/ETM between year 19882002. data of stability in downstream area of Ruilijiang River-Dayingjiang River were get from map of geology which scale is 1∶2 50 ten thousand, combined by geologic hazard and degree of earthquake. Data of the population, rainfall and air temperature were collected through Statistics and investigation countrywide. 6 drainage basins of downstream area of Ruilijiang River -Dayingjiang River are divided into 3 grades, they are the good area of Ecological-Geological environment, the middling area of Ecological-Geological Environment, the awful area of Ecological-Geological environment. At last, I give some advices about how to get a good Ecological-Geological environment area at the same time.