硫磺沟煤矿回采巷道锚注支护技术研究与实践.pdf

工程硕士专业学位论文 硫磺沟煤矿回采巷道锚注支护 技术研究与实践 Research and Practice of Bolting and Grouting Support Technology in Mining Roadway of LiuHuangGou Coal Mine 作 者钟 帅 导 师李桂臣 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书）。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD231 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士专业学位论文 硫磺沟煤矿回采巷道锚注支护技术研究与实践 Research and Practice of Bolting and Grouting Support Technology in Mining Roadway of LiuHuangGou Coal Mine 作 者 钟 帅 导 师 李桂臣 申请学位 工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 岩体力学与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 黄艳利 评 阅 人 盲审 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 致致 谢谢 本论文是在导师李桂臣教授的悉心指导下完成的，从论文的选题、研究方法 与技术路线的确定到论文的写作， 都得到了导师的精心指导， 凝聚着导师的心血。 三年来导师一直激励和鞭策我奋发向上，在学习、工作和生活上都给了我极大关 怀和帮助。导师李桂臣教授学识渊博、思维敏锐、治学严谨，诲人不倦、平易近 人， 堪称师之楷模， 令我深深的敬佩。 李老师对科研工作的勇于钻研和认真执着， 深深影响着我，为我今后的工作和学习树立了榜样。值此论文完成之际，谨向李 桂臣老师致以崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢。 企业导师雒军莉在本文完成过程中给与了很多指导，并提供了许多相关资 料。孙长伦、窦家宝、贾斌义等同学在论文写作过程中提供了很多帮助，提出了 许多宝贵的建议，让我能顺利完成论文，在此深表感谢。还要特别感谢我的父母 和家人，感谢你们一直以来对我默默的关心、帮助、鼓励和支持。是你们的爱温 暖着我、激励着我不断前行。同时也要感谢中国矿业大学为我提供了这样一个优 美的学习环境；感谢矿业工程学院为我提供了这样一个良好的学习平台。在此祝 愿中国矿业大学早日建成世界一流矿业大学。 最后，向百忙之中审阅本文和参与论文答辩的各位专家、教授致以最衷心的 感谢 钟帅 2019 年 4 月 26 日 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 兖矿新疆硫磺沟煤矿回采巷道沿煤层底板布置，因巷道围岩松软、压力大等 原因，出现了严重的巷道围岩变形破坏问题，因此，论文采用现场调查、理论分 析、数值模拟与现场实践相结合的综合研究方法，对巷道围岩开展锚注支护技术 研究。研究成果对该类型巷道围岩控制提供理论与技术支撑，论文主要取得以下 成果。 1） 采用调查分析的方法， 得出兖矿新疆硫磺沟煤矿回采巷道围岩变形特征， 支护构件损坏情形。其原因一是巷道围岩松软，巷道支护设计主要是经验为主， 存在一定的不确定性， 由此导致原方案支护系统形成的支护结构不能满足巷道围 岩稳定性控制需求。二是埋藏浅，应力场水平应力接近垂直应力，巷道护表刚度 低。理论分析认为锚注的作用机制是锚杆支护与浆液共同组合而成的支护体，能 够最大限度的让壁后围岩裂隙被充填密实，提高裂隙发育充分的岩体的整体性， 将围岩裂隙充填密实，避免空气的进入，防止围岩被空气风化，能够有效的阻止 围岩被水或气体侵蚀破坏，从而影响围岩的强度。 2） 锚杆喷浆支护技术，提高支护阻力或者锚杆预紧力，就可以提高巷道 围岩  c 。残余应力区和塑性软化区的位移与塑性区半径密切相关，提高支护阻 力可以较好的控制巷道围岩塑性区半径，进而控制巷道围岩变形。注浆可以提高 支护阻力 0 p和  c ，进而缩减注浆区的塑性区半径 p R。高强锚注支护系统包括新 型中空注浆锚索、新型热轧厚壁连续螺纹中空注浆锚杆与 ACZⅠ型水泥注浆无 机添加剂，提高水泥浆液的性能，满足锚注支护的需要。 3） 依据上述研究内容，结合煤矿地质条件与原支护方案的对比，决定对 （4-5）04 工作面回采巷道采用锚注支护设计为设计方案。方案包括中空注浆锚 杆、中空注浆锚索。工程实践表明在中空注浆锚索范围内，巷道围岩裂隙分布主 要集中在浅部发育，围岩深处围岩裂隙保持良好的整体性，浆液渗透纹路明显。 巷道围岩稳定在高强锚注支护作用下得到良好的控制。 4） 论文研究高强锚注支护的实施将显著改善巷道支护效果，为提高综放工 作面的开机率创造有利条件，对提高矿井产量和效益具有重要意义。同时也能减 少巷修工程量和费用，缓解矿井接续紧张的局面，经济效益显著。 该论文有图 38 幅，表 7 个，参考文献 69 篇。 关键词关键词回采巷道；支护；破碎围岩；高强注浆；工程应用 万方数据 II Abstract LiuHuangGou coal mining roadway was drove along the seam floor in Xinjiang, because of soft roadway surrounding rock and pressure big, the problem of deation and failure of surrounding rock is seriously in mining roadway, the surrounding rock of roadway anchor support technology was studied by used of the comprehensive research of field investigation and theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field practice .The research results provide theoretical and technical support for surrounding rock control of this type of roadway. Field investigation on the Mining roadway of LiuHuangGou coal mine showed that deation of surrounding rock was very seriously. There were two main reasons Firstly, roadway surrounding rock is soft. Secondly, the experience is the major way to estimate stability of surrounding rock. Thirdly, the buried is shallow, coefficient of horizontal pressure was large. Fourthly, low the surface stiffness of surrounding is low. Theory analysis suggested that the combined supporting body of anchor bolt support and slurry can improve the integrity of rock mass, which can effectively prevent the surrounding rock from being eroded by water or gas, and enhancing the strength of the surrounding rock. The combined support technology of ‘bolt shotcrete’ can improve the  c  of surrounding rock of roadway by improving the support resistance or pre-tightening force of bolt. The displacement of the residual stress area and the plastic softening area is closely related to the radius of the plastic zone. Grouting can increase the support resistance and reduce the plastic zone radius of the grouting area. High strength anchor feeding support system including new hollow grouting anchor cable, new hot rolling thick wall type continuous screw hollow grouting anchor and ACZ -inorganic additives of cement grouting, which can improve the perance of cement slurry, meet the needs of the anchor support. Based on the above conclusions, the technology of bolt-grouting support was put forward for 4-5 04 bedding face as the design scheme. The project includes hollow grouting bolt and hollow grouting anchor cable. Engineering practice showed that surrounding rock crack detection showed that fissure distribution mainly concentrates in the shallow part of surrounding rock within the scope of the hollow grouting anchor cable, the surrounding rock fissures maintain good integrity, and the infiltration of 万方数据 III slurry is obvious. The stability of roadway surrounding rock is well controlled by the action of high strength anchor grouting. In this paper, the implementation of high strength anchor support will significantly improve the supporting effect of roadway, and create favorable conditions for improving the opening probability of fully mechanized caving face. At the same time, it can also reduce the amount and cost of roadway repair, alleviate the situation of continuous tension in the mine, and remarkable economic benefits. There are 38 pictures, 7 tables and 69 references in this dissertation. Keywords Mining Roadway; Support; Broken surrounding rock; High strength grouting；Engineering application 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要............................................................................................................................ I 目目 录录......................................................................................................................... IV 图清单图清单...................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单........................................................................................................................... X 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 问题的提出及研究意义 ......................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ..................................................................................................... 1 1.3 研究内容与技术路线 ............................................................................................. 7 2 硫磺沟煤矿回采巷道围岩变形破坏特征硫磺沟煤矿回采巷道围岩变形破坏特征 ............................................................... 9 2.1 硫磺沟煤矿简介 ..................................................................................................... 9 2.2 硫磺沟煤矿回采巷道变形特征 ........................................................................... 10 2.3 硫磺沟煤矿回采巷道变形原因 ........................................................................... 12 2.4 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 13 3 巷道围岩锚注支护机理研究巷道围岩锚注支护机理研究 ................................................................................. 14 3.1 锚注支护作用机制 ............................................................................................... 14 3.2 注浆的加固作用 ................................................................................................... 16 3.3 锚注与围岩协同支护作用 ................................................................................... 17 3.4 锚注支护数值模拟研究 ....................................................................................... 20 3.5 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 27 4 硫磺沟煤矿高强锚注支护技术硫磺沟煤矿高强锚注支护技术 ............................................................................. 29 4.1 高强锚注支护机理 ............................................................................................... 29 4.2 高强锚注支护系统 ............................................................................................... 31 4.3 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 36 5 工业试验研究工业试验研究 ......................................................................................................... 37 5.1 工程概况 ............................................................................................................... 37 5.2 （4-5）04 工作面回采巷道设计方案 ................................................................ 38 5.3 数据监测系统 ....................................................................................................... 39 5.4 数据监测结果 ....................................................................................................... 43 万方数据 V 5.5 技术经济效益分析 ............................................................................................... 46 5.6 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 47 6 结论结论.......................................................................................................................... 48 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 50 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 54 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 55 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 56 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ II Contents ..................................................................................................................... VI List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ............................................................................................................... X 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Problem Posing and Research Significance ............................................................. 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad ...................................................................... 1 1.3 Research Contents and ology ...................................................................... 7 2 Deation Mechanism of Mining Roadway in LiuHuangGou Mine ............... 9 2.1 Introduction of LiuHuangGou coal mine ................................................................. 9 2.2 Deation Characteristic of Mining Roadway ................................................... 10 2.3 Reason of Deation of Surrounding Rock in LiuHuangGou Coal Mine ......... 12 2.4 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 13 3 Mechanism of Bolt-grouting Supporting of Surrounding Rock ......................... 14 3.1 Action Mechanism of Bolt-grouting Supporting ................................................... 14 3.2 Reinforcing Function of Grouting ......................................................................... 16 3.3 Synergistic Effect of Bolt-grouting and Surrounding Rock ................................... 17 3.4 Numerical Simulation of Bolt-grouting and Surrounding Rock ............................ 20 3.5 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 27 4 High-strength of Bolt-grouting Support in LiuHuangGou Mine ....................... 29 4.1 Action Mechanism of High-strength Bolt-grouting Supporting .......................... 29 4.2 Support System of High-strength Bolt-grouting Supporting ................................. 31 4.3 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 36 5 Industrial Experimental Study .............................................................................. 37 5.1 Project Profile ........................................................................................................ 37 5.2 Designing scheme of（4-5）04 coal face gateway ............................................... 38 5.3 System of Data Monitoring .................................................................................... 39 5.4 Results of Data Monitoring .................................................................................... 43 5.5 Analysis of Technical and Economic Benefits ....................................................... 46 5.6 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 47 万方数据 VII 6 Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 48 References ................................................................................................................... 50 Author’s Resume ........................................................................................................ 54 Declaration of Thesis Originality ............................................................................. 55 Thesis Data Collection ............................................................................................... 56 万方数据 VIII 图清单图清单 List of Figures 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 研究技术路线 8 Figure 1-1 Research technical route 8 图 2-1 煤岩层综合柱状图 10 Fig 2-1 Composite columnar section of coal rock 10 图 2-2 顶板下沉现场图 11 Figure 2-2 Scene drawing of roof convergence 11 图 2-3 冒顶现场图 11 Figure 2-3 Scene drawing of roof fall 11 图 3-1 锚注机理示意图 15 Figure 3-1 Schematic diagram of bolt-grouting mechanics 15 图 3-2 注浆前后围岩强度摩尔圆示意图 17 Figure 3-2 Mohr strength rule expressed rock intensity change after grouting 17 图 3-3 注浆力学模型分析图 18 Figure 3-3 Rock indicate stress model of bolt-grouting 18 图 3-4 注浆模型分析图 21 Figure 3-4 Model analysis diagram of bolt-grouting 21 图 3-5 数值模型图 21 Figure 3-5 Numerical model diagram 21 图 3-6 支护结构图 22 Figure 3-6 Support structure 22 图 3-7 各方案塑性区分布图 23 Figure 3-7 Plastic zone distribution map of each scheme 23 图 3-8 各方案垂直位移云图 24 Figure 3-8 Vertical displacement cloud map of each scheme 24 图 3-9 各方案水平位移云图 25 Fig