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硕士学位论文 小纪汗煤矿顶板上覆岩层移动规律研究 Study on Overlying Strata Movement Rule of Roof Coal Mine in Xiao Jihan 作 者王 康 导 师白海波教授 中国矿业大学 二0一五年五月 万方数据 中图分类号 TD325 学校代码 10290 UDC 密 级 公开 国家重点基础研究发展计划973计划项目2013CB227900 国家重点基础研究发展计划973计划项目2007CB209400 国家自然科学基金项目50974115 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 小纪汗煤矿顶板上覆岩层移动规律研究 Study on Overlying Strata Movement Rule of Roof Coal Mine in Xiao Jihan 作 者 王 康 导 师 白海波 教授 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 力学与建筑工程学院 学科专业 工程力学 研究方向 采动岩体力学 答辩委员会主席 评 阅 人 二○一五年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明 学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一,学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学 位论文的部分使用权,即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版 和电子版,可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保 存和汇编学位论文;②为 教学和科研目的,学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案 馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外,根据有关法规, 同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 (保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书)。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 论文评审认定书 论文评审认定书 研究生 王 康 在规定的学习年限内,按照研究生培养方案的要求,完 成了研究生课程的学习,成绩合格;在我的指导下完成本学位论文,经审阅, 论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同,论文撰写格式符合学校的相关 规定,同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致 谢 致 谢 岁月如梭,如歌。转眼间,三年的研究生求学生活即将结束,站在毕业的 门槛上,回首往昔,奋斗和辛劳成为丝丝的记忆,甜美与欢笑也都尘埃落定。 矿大以其优良的学习风气、严谨的科研氛围教我求学,以其博大包容的情怀胸 襟、浪漫充实的校园生活育我成人。值此毕业论文完成之际,我谨向所有关心、 爱护、帮助我的人们表示最诚挚的感谢与最美好的祝愿。 本论文是在导师白海波教授的悉心指导之下完成的。三年来,导师渊博的 专业知识,严谨的治学态度,精益求精的工作作风,诲人不倦的高尚师德,朴 实无华、平易近人的人格魅力对我影响深远。导师不仅授我以文,而且教我做 人,虽历时三载,却赋予我终生受益无穷之道。本论文从选题到完成,几易其 稿,每一步都是在导师的指导下完成的,倾注了导师大量的心血,在此我向我 的导师白海波教授表示深切的谢意与祝福 本论文的完成也离不开其他各位老师、同学和朋友的关心与帮助。在此也 要感谢茅献彪教授等各位老师在论文开题、初稿、预答辩期间所提出的宝贵意 见,还要感谢同门的张勃阳师兄、戎虎仁师兄、李海龙师兄、王延蒙、陈耀杰、 钱宏伟、田成东、祁静师兄师弟师妹们,在科研过程中给我以许多鼓励和帮助。 回想整个论文的写作过程,虽有不易,却让我除却浮躁,经历了思考和启示, 也更加深切地体会了工程力学在煤矿方面的精髓和意义,因此倍感珍惜。 还要感谢父母在我求学生涯中给与我无微不至的关怀和照顾,一如既往地 支持我、鼓励我。同时,还要感谢张彦坤同学、元琨同学、滕腾同学、张乐同 学、李瑞峰同学三年来对我的爱护、包容和帮助,愿友谊长存 感谢论文所引用文献的作者,如果没有你们所作出的累累成果,我的论文 将步步难行。 感谢各位专家和学者在百忙之中评审论文,衷心希望得到您的指导和帮助。 值此论文完成之际,再次向亲爱的导师致以崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢。 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 对于顶板上覆岩层移动规律的分析,传统方法对于“上三带”的研究及计 算大都利用经验公式法,相似模拟法。对于岩层岩性的考虑很少,所以在计算 的过程中与现场实际就会偏差很大。本文在结合前人研究的基础上重新划分顶 板上覆岩层,在顶板“上三带”理论的基础上将上覆岩层划分为“四带”并结 合各带的特点计算出各带的高度并分析了各带岩层产生移动变形的机理。同时 利用“上四带”的特点分析小纪汗煤矿地表沉陷的规律。其主要内容如下 1)利用复合层板岩层理论提出了岩层发生弯曲的椭圆形的基本轨迹方程, 同时考虑岩层的地基反力及各个岩层的岩性求出了上覆岩层发生弯曲的挠曲线 方程。结合挠曲线方程,给出岩层产生离层及裂隙的基本条件及判别方法。 2)结合小纪汗煤矿的现场实际工程背景,分析小纪汗煤矿顶板上覆岩层移 动规律的特征及力学机理。同时结合“上三带”理论将小纪汗煤矿顶板上覆岩 层重新划分为“四带”并结合小纪汗煤矿的地质背景求出各带的高度,从而精 确了顶板隔水层厚度。 3)本文利用 UDEC 数值模拟软件模拟小纪汗煤矿不同开采厚度情况下的 离层及裂隙发育规律,同时利用模拟软件模拟顶板上覆岩层在工作面推进过程 中各带发育高度及产生离层和裂隙的位置。 4)利用仰斜孔注液法测量小纪汗煤矿顶板裂隙发育高度,并同时将动态注 液漏失量与原岩注液漏失量做了对比。结合对比更加准确的看出小纪汗煤矿顶 板离层及裂隙发育的规律及高度。结合前文理论研究计算对比现场实际可以看 出理论与实际相差很小。 该论文有图 37 幅,表 8 个,参考文献 85篇。 关键词顶板上覆岩层;上四带;复合岩层;裂隙及离层;UDEC 万方数据 III Abstract Analysis of overlying strata movement rule of roof, Traditional approaches for “three band“ research and calculations are based on empirical ula , similarity . Stratums considering very few, so in the process of with site would have a significant margin. Reclassified on the basis of previous research, this article on roof strata, on the roof, “three band“ theory of overlying strata are divided into “four band“ and combined with the characteristics of each zone is calculated for each of the level and analysis of the mechanism of movement and deation of the strata. Using “four band“ characteristics of Xiao Jihan coal mining surface subsidence regularity. Its main elements are as follows 1 Using the theory of composite laminated plate rock strata bent oval track is proposed equations, taking rock subgrade and rock lithology of overlying rock strata was calculated bending deflection curve equations. Combination of deflection equation, the rock strata is given basic conditions and discriminating for delimitation and fissures. 2 Combined with Xiao Jihan coal mine of practical engineering background, analysis of Xiao Jihan and characteristics of overlying strata movement rule of roof coal mine mechanical mechanism. Combined with “three band“ theory Xiao Jihan coal mine roof overburden reclassified as “four“ and combined with Xiao Jihan coal mine geological settings determine all the zones height, precisely the roof thickness of cesspits. 3 Based on UDEC numerical simulation software for Xiao Jihan coal layers with different thickness and crack growth law, using simulation software for roof strata in working face in the process of abscission layer and the height and location of the fissure. 4 for measuring the small oblique hole injection Jihan coal mine roof fracture height, leakage and dynamic injection compared with the original rock-filled fluid leakage. Combined with the comparison more accurate to see Xiao Jihan coal mine roof abscission layer and fractured pattern and height. Combined with previous theoretical study on calculation field can actually see the difference between theory and practice is very small. Keywords Roof overburden; Four band; Composite rock; Cracks and delimitation; UDEC 万方数据 V 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ........................................................................................................................ I 目目 录录 .........................................................................................................................V 图清单图清单 .................................................................................................................... IX 表清单表清单 .................................................................................................................... XI 变量注释表变量注释表 ......................................................................................................... XIII 1 绪论绪论 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 选题背景 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 选题意义 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.3 国内外研究现状 ................................................................................................. 3 1.4 主要研究内容及技术路线 .................................................................................. 6 2 采动覆岩运动的力学分析采动覆岩运动的力学分析 .................................................................................... 7 2.1 采动覆岩运动特征 ............................................................................................. 7 2.2 上覆岩层移动的力学模型选择复合层板弯曲理论 .................................... 8 2.3 上覆岩层离层位置的判别条件 ........................................................................ 13 2.4 上覆岩层裂隙位置的判别条件 ........................................................................ 14 2.5 本章小结 ........................................................................................................... 15 3 11203 工作面上覆岩层的运动特征研究工作面上覆岩层的运动特征研究............................................................. 17 3.1 上覆岩层的“四带”划分 ................................................................................ 17 3.2 “四带”内离层及裂隙发育分析 .................................................................... 18 3.3 工程应用实例 ................................................................................................... 24 3.4 11203 工作面地表下沉曲线研究 ...................................................................... 25 3.5 本章小结 ........................................................................................................... 28 4 11203 工作面上覆岩层运动规律模拟工作面上覆岩层运动规律模拟 ................................................................ 29 4.1 软件选择及介绍 ............................................................................................... 29 4.2 模型建立 ........................................................................................................... 30 4.3 边界条件及力学参数........................................................................................ 32 4.4 不同开采厚度覆岩“三带”动态发育特征 ..................................................... 33 4.5 综放一次采全高上覆岩层应力分布及演化动态数值模拟分析 ...................... 38 4.6 本章小结 ........................................................................................................... 39 5 11203 工作面上覆岩层运动规律现场分析工作面上覆岩层运动规律现场分析 ......................................................... 41 5.1 覆岩“三带”发育特征观测方案......................................................................... 41 万方数据 VI 5.2 观测孔结构及施工技术要求 ............................................................................ 41 5.3 观测内容及所需仪器设备 ................................................................................ 43 5.4 仰斜孔分段注液法观测覆岩“三带”发育特征 ................................................. 46 5.5 本章小结 ........................................................................................................... 54 6 结论与展望结论与展望.......................................................................................................... 55 6.1 主要结论 ........................................................................................................... 55 6.2 展望 .................................................................................................................. 56 参考文献参考文献 ................................................................................................................ 57 作者简历作者简历 ................................................................................................................ 63 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ............................................................................................. 65 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ..................................................................................................... 67 万方数据 VII Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................. III Contents ................................................................................................................VII List of Figures ........................................................................................................ IX List of Tables .......................................................................................................... XI List of Tariables .................................................................................................. XIII 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Background .......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Significance .......................................................................................... 2 1.3 Research at Home and Abroad ............................................................................. 3 1.4 Main Content and Technology ............................................................................. 6 2 Mechanics Analysis of Overlying Rock Movement ............................................. 7 2.1 Motion Characteristics of Overlying Rock ........................................................... 7 2.2 Mechanics Model of Overlying Strata Movement OptionsComposite Laminated Plate Bending Theory ......................................................................... 8 2.3 Distinguish the Overlying Layers....................................................................... 13 2.4 Distinguish the Location of the Overlying Fissure ............................................. 14 2.5 Chapter Summary .............................................................................................. 15 3 11203 Roof Research on Motion Characteristics of Overlying Strata .............. 17 3.1 Overlying Strata of “Four-zone“ Division .......................................................... 17 3.2 “Four-zone“ in the Analysis of Delamination and Fissures ................................. 18 3.3 Engineering Application Examples .................................................................... 24 3.4 11203 Face Study on Subsidence Curves ........................................................... 25 3.5 Chapter Summary .............................................................................................. 28 4 11203 Face of Overlying Strata Movement Simulation..................................... 29 4.1 Software Selection and Introduction .................................................................. 29 4.2 Model Build ...................................................................................................... 30 4.3 Boundary Conditions and Mechanical Parameters ............................................. 32 4.4 Different Thickness of Overburden Mining “Three Band“ Dynamic Characteristics ................................................................................................................................ 33 4.5 Fully Mechanized Mining High Overburden Stresses Analysis of the Distribution and Evolution of Numerical Simulation of Dynamic .......................................... 38 4.6 Chapter Summary .............................................................................................. 39 万方数据 VIII 5 11203 Face of Overlying Strata Movement Rule Analysis ................................ 41 5.1 Cover Rock “Three-zone“ in Development Characteristics of Observation Programme ...................................................................................................... 41 5.2 Observation of Pore Structure and Construction Technology.............................. 41 5.3 Observation and The Necessary Instruments and Equipment.............................. 43 5.4 Observation on Overlying Strata by Subparagraph Oblique Hole Injection of“Three-zone“ in Development ........................................................................ 46 5.5 Chapter Summary .............................................................................................. 54 6 Conclusions and Prospect................................................................................... 55 6.1 The Main Conclusions ....................................................................................... 55 6.2 Prospect ............................................................................................................. 56 References .............................................................................................................. 57 Author’s Resume ................................................................................................... 63 Declaration of Thesis ............................................................................................. 65 Thesis Data Collection ........................................................................................... 67 万方数据 IX 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 2-1 复合岩层层板 9 Figure 2-1 Composite rock plate 9 图 2-2 岩层及地表沉陷的空间坐标系 10 Figure 2-2 Strata and surface subsidence space coordinate system 10 图 2-3 椭圆形薄板 11 F
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