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1 UDC 中华人民共和国国家标准中华人民共和国国家标准 P GB 50086-2011 岩土锚固与喷射混凝土支护工程技术规范岩土锚固与喷射混凝土支护工程技术规范 Technical code for engineering of ground anchoring and shotcrete support 规范修编组 2011-07 GB 2 1 总则总则 .......................................................................................................................................................6 2 术语、符号术语、符号 ...........................................................................................................................................7 2.1 术 语...............................................................................................................................................7 2.2 符 号 ...........................................................................................................................................10 3 工程勘察与调查工程勘察与调查 .................................................................................................................................14 3.1 一般规定.......................................................................................................................................14 3.2 环境地质调查...............................................................................................................................14 3.3 工程勘察.......................................................................................................................................15 4 预应力锚杆预应力锚杆 .........................................................................................................................................17 4.1 一般规定.......................................................................................................................................17 4.2 锚杆类型与构造...........................................................................................................................17 （Ⅰ）拉力型与压力型预应力锚杆.............................................................................................17 （Ⅱ）压力分散与拉力分散型锚杆.............................................................................................18 （Ⅲ）可拆芯式锚杆.....................................................................................................................20 （Ⅳ）树脂卷锚杆与快硬水泥卷锚杆.........................................................................................20 （Ⅴ）涨壳中空注浆锚杆.............................................................................................................20 （Ⅵ）摩擦型锚杆.........................................................................................................................20 4.3 预应力锚杆类型的选择...............................................................................................................20 4.4 材料...............................................................................................................................................22 4.5 防腐保护.......................................................................................................................................25 4.6 设计...............................................................................................................................................27 （Ⅰ）锚杆设置.............................................................................................................................27 （Ⅱ）锚杆的安全系数.................................................................................................................27 （Ⅲ）锚杆杆体设计.....................................................................................................................28 （Ⅳ）注浆体和传力结构.............................................................................................................31 （Ⅴ）初始预应力的确定.............................................................................................................31 4.7 施工...............................................................................................................................................32 （Ⅰ）一般规定.............................................................................................................................32 （Ⅱ）钻孔.....................................................................................................................................32 （Ⅲ）杆体制作、存储及安放.....................................................................................................33 （Ⅳ）注 浆...................................................................................................................................33 （Ⅴ）张拉与锁定.........................................................................................................................34 （Ⅵ）施工质量控制与检验.........................................................................................................35 5 非预应力锚杆非预应力锚杆 .....................................................................................................................................36 5.1 一般规定.......................................................................................................................................36 5.2 类型与适用条件...........................................................................................................................36 5.3 材料...............................................................................................................................................37 5.4 锚杆设计.......................................................................................................................................37 5.5 锚杆施工.......................................................................................................................................38 3 5.6 施工质量控制与检验...................................................................................................................39 6 喷射混凝土喷射混凝土 .........................................................................................................................................40 6.1 一般规定.......................................................................................................................................40 6.2 原材料...........................................................................................................................................40 6.3 设计..............................................................................................................................................42 6.4 施工..............................................................................................................................................44 （Ⅰ）施工设备.............................................................................................................................44 （Ⅱ）混合料.................................................................................................................................45 （Ⅲ）喷射作业.............................................................................................................................46 6.5 喷射混凝土质量控制与检验.......................................................................................................49 6.6 施工安全与粉尘控制...................................................................................................................49 7 隧道与地下工程锚喷支护隧道与地下工程锚喷支护 .................................................................................................................51 7.1 一般规定.......................................................................................................................................51 7.2 围岩分级.......................................................................................................................................52 7.3 一般条件下的锚喷支护设计.......................................................................................................55 Ⅰ 工程类比法设计...................................................................................................................55 Ⅱ 监控量测法...........................................................................................................................57 Ⅲ 理论验算法...........................................................................................................................59 Ⅳ 抵抗局部危岩的锚杆与喷射混凝土支护设计...................................................................60 7.4 特殊条件下的锚喷支护设计.......................................................................................................61 Ⅰ 浅埋土质隧道的锚喷支护设计...........................................................................................61 Ⅱ 塑性流变岩体中隧洞锚喷支护设计...................................................................................62 Ⅲ 水工隧洞锚喷支护设计.......................................................................................................62 Ⅳ 受采动影响的锚喷支护设计...............................................................................................63 Ⅴ 易发生岩爆的高地应力岩体中隧洞的锚喷支护设计.......................................................64 7.5 施工...............................................................................................................................................64 8 边坡锚固边坡锚固 .............................................................................................................................................66 8.1 一般规定.......................................................................................................................................66 8.2 边坡锚固设计...............................................................................................................................66 8.3 边坡浅层加固与面层防护...........................................................................................................72 8.4 边坡锚固工程施工.......................................................................................................................73 Ⅰ 一般规定...............................................................................................................................73 Ⅱ 边坡爆破施工.......................................................................................................................73 Ⅲ 边坡锚杆施工.......................................................................................................................74 8.5 边坡锚固工程的试验与监测.......................................................................................................74 9 基坑锚拉桩（墙）支护基坑锚拉桩（墙）支护 .....................................................................................................................75 9.1 一般规定.......................................................................................................................................75 9.2 设 计.............................................................................................................................................76 9.3 施工及验收...................................................................................................................................79 10 基坑土钉支护基坑土钉支护 ...................................................................................................................................80 4 10.1 一般规定.....................................................................................................................................80 10.2 土钉支护设计.............................................................................................................................81 10.3 喷射混凝土面层与坡体排水.....................................................................................................84 10.4 施工与检验.................................................................................................................................85 11 基础与混凝土坝的锚固基础与混凝土坝的锚固 ...................................................................................................................87 11.1 基础锚固设计.............................................................................................................................87 （Ⅰ）承受切向力的基础锚固.....................................................................................................87 （Ⅱ）承受倾覆力矩的基础.........................................................................................................88 （Ⅲ）承受拉力的基础锚固.........................................................................................................89 （Ⅳ）基础锚杆设计.....................................................................................................................90 11.2 混凝土坝锚杆设计.....................................................................................................................90 11.3 基础与混凝土坝锚杆的施工、试验与监测.............................................................................93 12 抗浮锚固抗浮锚固 ...........................................................................................................................................94 12.1 一般规定.....................................................................................................................................94 12.2 抗浮锚杆设计.............................................................................................................................94 12.3 抗浮锚杆施工.............................................................................................................................96 13 试验试验 ...................................................................................................................................................97 13.1 预应力锚杆试验.........................................................................................................................97 （Ⅰ）一般规定.............................................................................................................................97 （Ⅱ）基本试验.............................................................................................................................97 （Ⅲ）蠕变试验.............................................................................................................................98 （Ⅳ）验收试验.............................................................................................................................99 13.2 喷射混凝土试验.......................................................................................................................101 （Ⅰ）一般规定...........................................................................................................................101 （Ⅱ）抗压强度试验...................................................................................................................101 （Ⅲ）粘结强度试验...................................................................................................................102 14 工程监测与维护管理工程监测与维护管理 .....................................................................................................................104 14.1 一般规定...................................................................................................................................104 14.2 监测项目...................................................................................................................................104 14.3 预应力锚杆拉力的长期监测...............................................................................................
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