卡林型金矿.pdf

1 Carlin Type Gold Deposit 卡林型金矿卡林型金矿 Richard J. Goldfarb Ore Deposit Models Henry Johnston Henry 和和 Ressel, 2000; Johnston 和和Ressel, 2004 QuickTimeand a Photo - JPEG decompressor are needed to see this picture. Deeply circulating meteoric fluids leached and remobilized metals Ilchik Emsbo et al., 2003 进入深部循环的大气降水淋滤并活化了金属进入深部循环的大气降水淋滤并活化了金属Ilchik 和和 Barton, 1997; Emsbo et al., 2003 “Wispy” unit 0.006 oz/t1.42 oz/t Metamorphism produced ore fluids that transported metals Seedorff, 1991; Hofstra Hofstra 和和Cline, 2000 From Cline, SEG Nevada Model Must Address 模型必须关注模型必须关注 H isotopes indicate deep waters at some deposits and meteoric waters at other deposits H同位素表明一些矿床的水来自深部，而另一些则来自大气降水 S isotopes indicate sedimentary S at most deposits, but magmatic S is permissive at some deposits S同位素指示着多数矿床的S来自沉积物,但一些矿床中S则来自岩浆 Ore fluid temperatures are low - 180-240C, and have low salinities - 2-3 wt NaCl equiv 矿石流体是低温（180-240C）,低盐度的（ 2-3 wt NaCl 当量） Lack of strong elemental / alteration zoning 缺乏明显的元素/蚀变分带 No spatial association with co hypabyssal stocks 与同时代浅成岩株没有空间伴生关系 From Cline, SEG Nevada 7 Primer 入门入门 Carlin-typedeposits in NV 内华达的卡林型矿床内华达的卡林型矿床 Carlin, Getchell Barney’s Canyon, Cunnington et al., 2004 Carlin likedeposits Seedorff, 1991 类卡林型矿床类卡林型矿床 Essentialy like DDD 实质上很象实质上很象DDD型型 Camp 2 NV Carlin-type deposits are not DDD Camp2 NV 卡林型矿床卡林型矿床不属于不属于DDD型型 Camp 1 NV Carlin-type deposits are DDD Camp1 NV 卡林型卡林型矿床矿床属属DDD型型 From Cline, SEG Nevada FIGURE ADAPTED FROM SILLITOE AND BONHAM 1990 据据SILLITOE AND BONHAM 1990改编成图改编成图 From Johnston, SEG Nevada 8 Metal and deposit zonation around the 39 Ma Bingham stock modified from Gunter and Austin, 1997 39 Ma Bingham 岩株周围的 金属和矿床分带 岩株周围的 金属和矿床分带据据Gunter 和和 Austin, 1997修订修订From Johnston, SEG Nevada Peters et al 2002 All Carlin-like 都是类都是类Carlin型的吗型的吗 Small tonnage/structural control 小储量小储量/构造控制构造控制 Shallow oxidation zones 浅成氧化带浅成氧化带 Dominantly refractory 多数矿石难熔多数矿石难熔 Carlin- like Deposits in China 中国的类卡林型矿床中国的类卡林型矿床 9 Peters et al 2002 Mountains and high plateaus 山脉和高原山脉和高原 1000-2000 m elevation 海拔海拔1000-2000m Karst Permo-Triassic- plateau 喀斯特喀斯特二叠纪二叠纪- 三叠纪高原三叠纪高原 Dian-Qian-Gui Province 滇黔桂地区滇黔桂地区 LANNIGOU DEPOSIT 烂泥沟矿床烂泥沟矿床 Anticlinal Dome 背斜穹隆背斜穹隆80t, 7 g/t Gold in steep faults not shown on edge of dome 金矿产出于穹窿边缘的陡立断层中金矿产出于穹窿边缘的陡立断层中未展示未展示 Peters et al 2002 10 Hofstra and Christensen 2002 Triassic or younger 三叠纪或更早三叠纪或更早 As-Au-Hg-Sb-Tl Transition zone carbonate and siliceous clastics 过渡带过渡带 碳酸盐与硅质碎屑碳酸盐与硅质碎屑 Carlin deposits - W. Yangtze Craton 卡林型矿床卡林型矿床-扬子 克拉通西部 扬子 克拉通西部 Mineralization Styles in Dian-Qian-Gui Deposits 滇黔桂矿床的矿化类型滇黔桂矿床的矿化类型 Unconity-hosted ore Rain-like 不整合面控矿不整合面控矿 Stratabound ore 地层控矿地层控矿 Fault-controlled ore 断层控矿断层控矿 Zimoudang Deposit Banqi Deposit 板其矿床板其矿床 Getang Deposit 戈塘矿床戈塘矿床 11 ZIMOUDANG GOLD DEPOSIT GUIZHOU, CHINA 中国贵州中国贵州ZIMOUDANG金矿金矿 60t Au, 5.0 g/t mining oxide heap-leach 开采氧化矿开采氧化矿堆浸堆浸 breccia zone along thrust 沿逆冲断层的角砾岩带沿逆冲断层的角砾岩带 hypogene ore stockpile 深部聚集成矿深部聚集成矿 CROSS SECTION OF GETANG GOLD DEPOSIT GUIZHOU CHINA 中国贵州戈塘金矿横截面中国贵州戈塘金矿横截面 22t Au, 6.2g/t; 10 ore bodies矿体矿体 silicified and brecciated argillite and limestone along unconity in Perm rocks 沿二叠纪岩石不整合面而硅酸盐化和 角砾岩化的粘土岩和灰岩 沿二叠纪岩石不整合面而硅酸盐化和 角砾岩化的粘土岩和灰岩 12 西秦岭金成矿带西秦岭金成矿带 Hofstra and Christensen 2002 秦岭造山带秦岭造山带 早三叠纪 三叠纪-侏罗纪 晚侏罗-白垩纪 第三纪 中国扬子板块与西秦岭板块的碰撞 后期碰撞引起的岩浆作用与收缩作用 抬升与扩张 印度板块的碰撞,压剪作用 13 Differences from Orogenic Giants 与造山带巨型矿床的不同与造山带巨型矿床的不同 Broader range in H-O H-O间更宽的范围间更宽的范围 Lower CO2 更低含量的更低含量的CO2 Common Tl, F, Ba 正常的正常的Tl, F, Ba 含量含量 Limited vertical extent 有限的垂向延深有限的垂向延深 Refractory nature of ores 矿石的难熔性矿石的难熔性 Widespread carbonate dissolution and argillization 广泛分布的碳酸盐熔蚀和泥化广泛分布的碳酸盐熔蚀和泥化 Location 产出位置产出位置