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Licensed Copy Sheffield University, University of Sheffield, 25 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, c BSI British Standard A single copy of this British Standard is licensed to Sheffield University 25 March 2003 This is an uncontrolled copy. Ensure use of the most current version of this document by searching British Standards Online at bsonline.techindex.co.uk | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 121881999 The European Standard EN 121881999 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.080.40 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Test s Determination of adhesion steel-to-steel for characterization of structural bonding agents Licensed Copy Sheffield University, University of Sheffield, 25 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, c BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 w w w . b z f x w . c o m This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 1999 BSI 09-1999 ISBN 0 580 32578 4 BS EN 121881999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 121881999. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/517, Concrete, to Subcommittee B/517/8, Repair and protection of concrete, which has the responsibility to aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests ined; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 11 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Licensed Copy Sheffield University, University of Sheffield, 25 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, c BSI w w w . b z f x w . c o m EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 12188 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORMMay 1999 ICS 91.080.40 English version Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Test s Determination of adhesion steel-to-steel for characterization of structural bonding agents Produits et systmes pour la protection et la rparation des structures en bton Mthodes d’ essais Dtermination de l’ adhrence acier sur acier pour la caractrisation des produits de collage structural Produkte und Systeme fr den Schutz und die Instandsetzung von Betontragwerken Prfverfahren Bestimmung der Klebewirkung an Stahl fr die Charakterisierung der Eigenschaften von Klebstoffen fr konstruktive Zwecke This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 April 1999. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions English, French, German. A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 1999 CEN All rights of exploitation in any and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref. No. EN 121881999 E Licensed Copy Sheffield University, University of Sheffield, 25 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, c BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 2 EN 121881999 BSI 09-1999 Contents Page Foreword2 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Principle3 4Terms and definitions4 5Test 5 5.1 Sliding failure5 5.2 Separation failure5 6Equipment5 7Slant shear test5 7.1 Test specimens5 7.2 Test procedure6 8Pull-off test7 8.1 Test specimens7 8.2 Test procedure7 9Test report8 Annex A inative Bibliography11 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104, Concrete perance, production, placing and compliance criteria, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 1999, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. NOTE This European Standard should be read in conjunction with EN 1504-1 and prEN 1504-4. Licensed Copy Sheffield University, University of Sheffield, 25 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, c BSI w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 3 EN 121881999 BSI 09-1999 1 Scope This European Standard describes a for the characterization of structural polymer based bonding agents for use in applications such as steel plate structural bonding for the strengthening of concrete structures. It involves the determination of the slant shear strength and the pull-off strength. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 24624, Paints and varnishes Pull-off test ISO 46241978. EN 1542, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Test s Pull-off test. 3 Principle The slant shear strength shall be determined using steel prism halves glued together with the bonding agent. The bond planes shall be inclined at various angles to the longitudinal axis of the prisms. The complete prisms shall be tested in axial compression. NOTE Stresses which occur in a joint made with a structural bonding agent can be resolved into normal stress, σ. The object of the test s described in this standard is to determine the relationship between σ and τ which meets the criterion fσ,τ 0, i.e. to determine the shape of the failure envelope which represents failure of the adhesive agent in the bonded joint. For the purposes of this standard, the failure envelope is defined by three straight lines on a plot of normal stress against shear stress at failure as shown in Figure 1. Conventionally, σ values are plotted as abscissae and τ values as ordinates. Failure of a bonding agent is governed by its strength parameters coefficient of friction, cohesion and resistance to separation the coefficient of friction is the numerical value of the slope of the inclined lines in Figure 1; the cohesion c is the shear capacity at σ 0; the resistance to separation ft is the pull-off strength e.g. the tensile capacity at τ 0 . As these values are constant for a particular material, the shape of the failure envelope can be used to characterize a material. The failure envelope can be explained as follows sliding failure occurs when numerical values of shear stress τ meet the inequality στ−≥ c; separation failure occurs when the tensile stress exceeds the pull-off strength σ ≥ ft. As noted above and as can be seen from Figure 1, the failure envelope is ed by three straight lines. Stress fields within the area containing the origin do not cause failure. As an option it is possible to extend the test to include a slant shear test in tension to fully complete the failure envelope in Figure 1. Licensed Copy Sheffield University, University of Sheffield, 25 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, c BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 4 EN 121881999 BSI 09-1999 4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following definitions apply. 4.1 compressive stress σ0 the ratio of the compressive force F to the surface area Ac of the cross-section of the test specimen is c 0 A F σMPa or N/mm2 4.2 normal and shear stress the normal stress σ and shear stress τ are the stresses at the inclined section of the test prism see Figure 2b in which σ σ0cos2 θ MPa or N/mm2 θθστsincos 0 MPa or N/mm2 where θ denotes the angle from the cross-section of the test prism to the inclined section, see Figure 2a. 4.3 pull-off strength the maximum tensile stress carried by the bonded joint in a pull-off test as shown in Figure 3 4.4 separation failure a mode of failure where the failure occurs along a failure plane in such a way that the material on each side of the failure plane moves perpendicular to the failure plane 4.5 sliding failure a mode of failure where the failure occurs along a failure plane in such a way that the material on each side of the failure plane moves parallel to the failure plane 4.6 slant shear strength the compressive strength of a scarf-jointed test prism where failure occurs along the inclined bonded joint Licensed Copy Sheffield University, University of Sheffield, 25 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, c BSI w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 5 EN 121881999 BSI 09-1999 5 Test The failure envelope of the bonding agent see Figure 1 shall be determined from the testing of the scarf-jointed prisms and from pull-off tests such that the failures occur entirely in the bonding agent. 5.1 Sliding failure Test prisms having inclined bonded joints, where θ is equal to 50, 60 and 70, shall be tested in compression until failure see Figure 2a. The slant shear strengths and the failure modes shall be observed and recorded. The corresponding values of σ and τ shall be plotted in a σ ; τ co-ordinate system, and a straight line fitted by applying regression analysis technique. From the position of this line the coefficient of friction, , and the cohesion, c, shall be determined. 5.2 Separation failure The dollies shall be tested in tension by pull-off test until failure, see Figure 3. The pull-off strength represents the resistance against separation ft. 6 Equipment Compression testing machine, for testing scarf-jointed prisms shall be of a type capable of providing a constant stress rate between 0,1 MPa per second and 1,0 MPa per second. The testing apparatus for conducting the pull- off test shall be in accordance with EN 24624. Vernier gauge, for measuring joint thickness. 7 Slant shear test 7.1 Test specimens The test specimens shall be bonded steel prisms meeting the following requirements. 7.1.1 Dimensions Prismatic steel specimens having a square cross-section of 40 mm by 40 mm and a length of 160 mm shall be used. Each of the test prisms shall consist of two identical semi prisms produced from the 40 mm 40 mm 160 mm steel prism by a saw cut at an angle of θ to the transverse axis of the prism [see Figure 2a]. The sawn surfaces shall be degreased using a suitable degreasing agent, for example acetone, and then shall be prepared by grit blasting. The intent is to achieve a roughness sufficient to ensure a failure within the bond plane of the adhesive see 7.2.5. Immediately on completion of grit blasting any surface dust shall be removed and the adhesive applied immediately. 7.1.2 Number of specimens For each set of prescribed testing conditions a minimum of three specimens shall be tested for each of three angles. 7.1.3 Preparation Sets of two identical semi-prisms shall be bonded with the adhesive agent and clamped together to achieve a 1 mm to 2 mm thick bond line with no entrapped air voids. Appropriate spacers shall be used to control the thickness of the bonding agent. The steel-to-steel bonding shall be carried out in accordance with the specification given by the manufacturer. After hardening, excess bonding agent shall be cut away. For each test prism the thickness of the bonding joint shall be determined as the average of the joint thicknesses measured at the mid-points of the four sides of the prism. The bonding agent shall be cured in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer. Licensed Copy Sheffield University, University of Sheffield, 25 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, c BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 6 EN 121881999 BSI 09-1999 7.1.4 Temperatures The resin and hardener component of the bonding agent shall be conditioned to a test temperature of 21 2 C, 60 10 relative humidity before mixing. 7.1.5 Tolerances of the geometry Tolerances of the dimensions of the semi-prisms shall not be greater than 0,1 mm. Each of the long faces of the bonded test prisms shall lie between two parallel planes 0,20 mm apart. 7.2 Test procedure 7.2.1 Temperature The test prisms shall be maintained at the temperature specified for not less than 16 h before testing commences. Testing shall be carried out at 21 2 C, 60 10 relative humidity unless any other temperature condition is agreed. 7.2.2 Extreme temperatures For testing a
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