基于磁流变阻尼器的振动筛隔振研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 基于磁流变阻尼器的振动筛隔振研究 Research on Vibration Isolation of Vibrating Screen based on Magnetorheological Fluid Damper 作者陈子烨 导师程延海教授 中国矿业大学 二〇二〇年六月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书）。 作者签名导师签名 年月日年月日 万方数据 致谢致谢 时间犹如白驹过隙，弹指之间三年的研究生就要快结束了，这三年的点点滴 滴在我脑海里挥之不去，犹如隔日时光，历历在目。在研究生三年的生活让我收 获了很多， 有成功的喜悦也有失败的经验， 有过彷徨的不知所使也有艰难的挣扎， 这里我要感谢程延海老师导师和陈飞老师，在我学习道路中为我指引方向，在我 低迷的时候鼓励我。 本论文的撰写是在程延海导师和陈飞老师悉心指导完成的，从论文的选题、 确定研究方向、 文献的阅读和论文的撰写， 两位老师都渗透了大量的心血和汗水。 在生活上和为人处世上，两位老师都给予了无微不至的关心和指导。三年研究生 下来， 从老师们的身上学到的不仅仅是专业上技能和知识，还有对工作认真负责 的精神和面对困难的从容。老师们的坦荡高尚品格给我树立了做人的楷模。在此 特地向程老师和陈老师表达我最崇高的敬意和诚挚的感谢。 同时感谢李艾民老师、孟德远老师对实验和论文撰写中给予的鼓励和指导， 感谢刘初升老师提供的实验仪器，感谢田祖织老师在方案和实验给予的宝贵意 见。 感谢一起奋斗努力的同窗们和在学习生活中给予我帮助的师兄、师弟。感谢 张宇航、王子昂、李庆阳陪伴着我一起努力三年时光，感谢王书友博士、李昊鹏 博士在实验和论文撰写中给予我的帮助和支持，感谢顾旭、赵子舒、张宏亮等师 弟对我的帮助。 感谢我的爸爸妈妈和黄舒，对我无私的关心和无条件的支持，才让我顺利完 成硕士的学业。接下来的时光，换我为你们遮风挡雨，让我成为你们的骄傲。 未来很远，但是遇见的人都很善良，我会心怀感恩，感恩每一个遇到的人。 感谢各位专家于百忙之中为我审阅学位论文、提出宝贵的建议和指导意见。 在此，谨向各位专家表示真挚的谢意。 万方数据 I 摘摘要要 随着国家提倡煤炭可持续发展理念，对振动筛选煤技术有了更高的要求，保 障振动筛的的性能和其使用寿命成为重中之重。 而振动筛在实际应用中存在着启 停机的共振问题，共振问题不仅影响着振动筛的使用寿命，严重时还会对周围建 筑产生危害，如何在隔振中能够减小振动筛共振现象具有广阔的研究前景。本文 以智能材料磁流变液为研究基础，通过磁流变效应具有连续可逆、瞬时响应快以 及易控制等优点，设计并制造出基于剪切流动混合模式下的磁流变阻尼器，应用 于振动筛隔振试验中。通过试验研究，为振动筛隔振研究提供一个新的思路。本 文在以下几个方面进行了研究 阐述了磁流变液的基本概念、组成以及流变机理，分析了磁流变液主要性能 评价指标。总结了磁流变液的几种常用的本构关系模型，以 Bingham 为本构模 型的基础上对磁流变阻尼器进行了设计与计算， 并对剪切流动混合模式下的阻尼 出力进行了理论分析。以此为基础，提出一种新型的磁流变阻尼器设计方案，详 细介绍了其工作原理；对阻尼器进行了磁路的设计与计算，确定了阻尼器的总体 结构和主要参数。 使用有限元软件 Maxwell 软件进行了磁路结构仿真与研究， 得到阻尼器的磁 力线分布和阻尼通道内的磁感应强度的规律，分析了缸筒壁厚、阻尼通道间隙， 电流大小对阻尼通道间隙内磁感应强度的影响，优化磁路结构。 通过 MTS810 试验机对阻尼器的性能进行了试验， 试验结果为磁流变阻尼器 后续的应用提供了参考。 搭建用于测试磁流变阻尼器隔振性能的振动筛测试实验 台，进行了阻尼器隔振试验，并与弹簧、ROSTA 等隔振方式进行对比，其结果 表明，阻尼器用于振动筛隔振效果较好，减小了共振现象。试验结果为磁流变阻 尼器在不同振动筛隔振应用中提供了依据。 本论文有图 60 幅，表 15 个，参考文献 83 篇。 关键词关键词磁流变液；阻尼器；磁场仿真；阻尼器性能试验；隔振试验 万方数据 II Abstract With the theory of sustainable development of coal put forward, there is an increasing demand for vibration screening coal technology, making how to guarantee the perance of the vibrating screen and the service life of the vibrating become the top priority. The practical application of the vibration screen has the resonance problem, which not only affects the service life of the vibration screen, but also causes damage to the surrounding buildings under serious condition. How to ensure the lifespan of vibrating screen and reduce vibrating screen resonance have a great research prospect. In this paper, a continuous adjustable damping force shearing damper valve type is designed and produced based on the intelligent material – MRF because the MRF has the magnetorheological effect with high shear yield stress, transient response of the reversible and the advantages of easy control. The damper valve will be used for vibration isolation of the vibrating screen. Through test research, a new perspective for vibration isolation studies will be provided. This paper focuses on the following aspects Thebasicconcept,compositionandrheologicalmechanismof magnetorheological fluid are expounded. This paper elaborates several constitutive relation models widely used in magnetorheological fluid and their advantages and disadvantages.Thestudyalsopointsouttheanalysisanddesignof magnetorheological damper based on Bingham constitutive model. Several working modes of magnetorheological damper are described and the damping output of magnetorheological damper in shear valve mode is theoretically analyzed by Bingham constitutive model. The working principle of magnetorheological damper is also illustrated.Thestructuralparametersandmagneticcircuitdesignof magnetorheological damper are designed as well. The magnetic field finite element simulation of the designed magnetic circuit was carried out by Maxwell software. The magnetic force distribution of the damper and the law of magnetic induction intensity in the damping channel were analyzed. The paper also discussed the influencing factors of magnetic field intensity in the gap of the damping channel. The damper is assembled and the perance of the damper is studied by the MTS810 testing machine. The experimental results provide a reference for the subsequent application of the magnetorheological damper. The damper is assembled on the vibrating screen for vibration isolation test and compared with the spring, 万方数据 III ROSTA and other vibration isolation modes. The results show that the damper is effective in vibration isolation and the resonance decreases, providing a basis for the application of magnetorheological damper in vibration isolation of different vibrating screens. There are 60 figures, 15tables and 83 references in this dissertation. Keywords Magnetorheological fluid; Magnetorheological damper; Magnetic field simulation; Perance test; Vibration isolation test 万方数据 IV 目目录录 摘摘要要.....................................................................................................................................I 目目录录.................................................................................................................................. IV 图清单图清单...............................................................................................................................VIII 表清单表清单...............................................................................................................................XIII 变量注释表变量注释表.......................................................................................................................XIV 1 绪论绪论.....................................................................................................................................1 1.1 选题背景及研究意义......................................................................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状..............................................................................................................2 1.3 主要研究内容................................................................................................................13 1.4 本章小结........................................................................................................................14 2 磁流变液的基本理论磁流变液的基本理论.......................................................................................................15 2.1 磁流变液的组成成分....................................................................................................15 2.2 磁流变效应及其原理....................................................................................................16 2.3 磁流变液的本构关系....................................................................................................18 2.4 影响磁流变液的性能的因素........................................................................................20 2.5 本章小结........................................................................................................................23 3 磁流变阻尼器的结构设计磁流变阻尼器的结构设计...............................................................................................24 3.1 磁流变阻尼器的工作模式............................................................................................24 3.2 磁流变阻尼器阻尼力分析............................................................................................25 3.3 磁流变阻尼器的总体设计方案....................................................................................30 3.4 磁流变阻尼器参数设计................................................................................................33 3.5 磁流变阻尼器结构细节问题探讨................................................................................39 3.6 本章小结.........................................................................................................................41 4 磁流变阻尼器电磁场有限元仿真及分析磁流变阻尼器电磁场有限元仿真及分析...................................................................... 42 4.1 电磁场仿真理论与软件基础........................................................................................42 4.2 电磁场有限元仿真........................................................................................................44 4.3 分析影响磁感应强度因素............................................................................................47 4.4 本章小结........................................................................................................................51 5 磁流变阻尼器的性能试验和隔振试验磁流变阻尼器的性能试验和隔振试验.......................................................................... 52 5.1 磁流变阻尼器样机装配................................................................................................52 5.2 磁流变阻尼器性能试验................................................................................................53 万方数据 V 5.3 磁流变阻尼器应用于振动筛的隔振试验....................................................................59 5.4 本章小结........................................................................................................................67 6 总结与展望总结与展望.......................................................................................................................68 6.1 总结................................................................................................................................68 6.2 展望................................................................................................................................69 参考文献参考文献...............................................................................................................................70 作者简历作者简历...............................................................................................................................75 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明...........................................................................................................76 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集...................................................................................................................77 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract.................................................................................................................................II Contents...............................................................................................................................VI List of Figures.................................................................................................................. VIII List of Tables....................................................................................................................XIII List of Variables............................................................................................................... XIV 1 Introduction........................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background and Significance........................................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad...............................................................................2 1.3 Main Research Contents................................................................................................. 13 1.4 Summary.........................................................................................................................14 2 The Basic Theory of Magnetorheological fluid............................................................. 15 2.1 Constitution of Magnetorheological Fluid......................................................................15 2.2 Magnetorheological Effect and Its Principle...................................................................16 2.3 The Constitutive Relation of Magnetorheological Fluid.................................................18 2.4 Factors Affecting the Properties of Magnetorheological Fluid.......................................20 2.5 Summary.........................................................................................................................23 3 Structural Design of MR Damper.................................................................................. 24 3.1 Working Mode of the MR Damper.................................................................................42 3.2 Theoretical Analysis of Damping Force of MR Damper................................................25 3.3 The Overall Design of MR Damper................................................................................30 3.4 The Parameter Design of the MR Damper......................................................................33 3.5 Discussion on the Detail of MR Damper........................................................................39 3.6 Summary.........................................................................................................................41 4 Finite Element Simulation andAnalysis of MR Damper.............................................42 4.1 Electromagnetic Field Simulation Theory and Software Foundation.............................42 4.2 Electromagnetic Field Finite Element Simulation..........................................................44 4.3Analyze the Factors Affecting Magnetic Induction Intensity..........................................47 4.4 Summary.........................................................................................................................51 5 Perance Test and Vibration Isolation Test of MR Damper..................................52 5.1 The Fabrication of MR Damper......................................................................................52 万方数据 VII 5.2 The Perance Test of MR Damper............................................................................53 5.3 Vibration Isolation Test of Vibrating Screen with MR Damper......................................59 5.4 Summary.........................................................................................................................67 6 Conclusions and Prospects..............................................................................................68 6.1 Conclusions.....................................................................................................................68 6.2 Prospects......................................................................................................................... 69 References............................................................................................................................70 Author Resume....................................................................................................................75 Declaration of Thesis Originality.......................................................................................76 Thesis Data Collection........................................................................................................77 万方数据 VIII 图清单图清单 图序号图名称页码 图 1-1金属弹簧隔振2 Figure 1-1Metal spring isolation2 图 1-2橡胶弹簧隔振3 Figure 1-2Rubber spring vibration isolation3 图 1-3空气弹簧隔振3 Figure 1-3 Air spring isolatio