井下巷道湿喷机取料和喷射装置设计及性能研究.pdf

工程硕士专业学位论文 井下巷道湿喷机取料和喷射装置设计及性 能研究 Design and Perance Research on Reclaiming and Spraying Device of Wet Spraying Machine in Underground Tunnel 作 者张 伟 导 师彭玉兴教授 中国矿业大学 二零二一年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名导师签名 年 月 日年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 学校代码 10290 UDC 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士专业学位论文 井下巷道湿喷机取料和喷射装置设计及性能研究 Design and Perance Research on Reclaiming and Spraying Device of Wet Spraying Machine in Underground Tunnel 作 者 张 伟 导 师 彭玉兴教授 申请学位工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 机电学院 学科专业 机械工程 研究方向 矿山装备制造 答辩委员会主席 李健平 评 阅 人 盲 审 二○二一年五月 万方数据 致谢致谢 情不知所起，一往而深；春夏秋冬，三载寒暑，终有所得。在此论文完成之 际，心有所感，由衷而发。 一谢我的恩师彭玉兴教授，彭老师品德高尚，治学严谨，待人和善，学贯中 西。在我三年硕士期间，彭老师不仅向我传授了科研的相关知识，还教会了我做 科研的技巧，真正做到了授人以渔；在传授学业知识的同时，还教育我做人的准 则和为人处世；教导我做人在前，行事于后；教导我工科科研项目是为了解决实 际问题，而非纸上谈兵，任何工科项目最后都要考虑到实际落地。这些都将让我 受益终生。在课题进展中，彭老师耐心听取我的阶段性汇报，及时提出修改意见 和修订方案，保证了课题的顺利进行值此论文完成之际，向彭老师致以真挚的 敬意和祝福 二谢我的父母，生养之恩，无以为报十余载求学之路上，多亏了你们的无 私奉献，我才能心无旁骛的专心于学业，才能一步一个脚印的走到今天 三谢我的祖国，是祖国提供了如此优良的环境，使得我们这一代年轻人远离 战争，吃穿不愁，专心于学业；是祖国在疫情来临之际以雷霆万钧之势控制疫情 蔓延，让我们能够以最快的速度重返校园，完成学业。 四谢我的同门师兄弟们，感谢尹自信博士，在我论文的写作过程中给予的支 持和帮助。感谢课题组徐春明博士、张庆博士、王方方博士、王臣硕士、周欣硕 士和张家铭硕士等在学习，工作和生活中给予的帮助和关心。 五谢矿大，百年名校，教风严谨，学风优良，资源丰富。在这里，我的专业 知识得到了充分的积累，我的科研兴趣亦得到了充分的激发。开拓创新，严谨治 学，谨记于心 六谢吾身，拒绝平庸，砥砺前行，不懈不怠，幸有所得 最后衷心的感谢所有在百忙之中参与论文评审以及论文答辩的各位老师。 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 湿喷机作为锚喷支护的关键性设备之一，广泛应用于铁路公路、地铁建设、 矿井巷道和水利水电隧道设施中，在基础建设中具有广阔的市场前景。目前，湿 喷机的取料上料以及喷浆工作均普遍由人工完成，工人的劳动强度大，且井下的 工作条件较为恶劣，粉尘多，对工人的身体健康造成较为严重的威胁；同时由于 采用人工喷浆，喷射的混凝土表面质量受工人操作熟练度的影响较大，喷射混凝 土的质量难以保证。基于此，本文针对具体型号湿喷机（JSP51H）和具体煤矿 巷道，对取料装置和喷射装置进行相关的研究。 对湿喷机无轴螺旋取料装置的螺旋叶片进行数学建模， 模型为 3 变量 2 目标 10 约束的优化设计模型， 并使用MATLAB 中的带约束非线性最小化问题fmincon 函数对该优化设计问题进行求解，得到无轴螺旋叶片设计的最佳参数；并对优化 后的无轴螺旋叶片进行受力分析，使用 ABAQUS 软件对其进行有限元仿真；得 到了无轴螺旋叶片在输送物料过程中的应力和应变云图， 确定无轴螺旋叶片的机 械性能满足使用要求。 采用 EDEM 离散元仿真软件对垂直式无轴螺旋取料装置的整体取料能力进 行相关仿真，得出物料在取料装置中的运动情况，物料的速度分布、质量分布、 能量分布和整体装置的取料能力等。离散元仿真结果表明，物料在输送过程中以 轴向运动为主， 仅有少部分贴近螺旋叶片表面的物料会跟随螺旋叶片做圆周运动； 整体输送过程中， 不同大小以及质量的物料均能被有效的输送， 未产生分层现象； 整个螺旋输送装置的输送效率大约 5m3/h。搭建出螺旋输送装置进行现场取料试 验，现场取料试验结果表明，所设计的螺旋输送装置可有效的从料堆和矿车中进 行取料，且输送效率约为 6m3/h，大于设计要求的 5m3/h，这是由于在实际使用 过程中，无轴螺旋输送机是弯曲布置的，因此其倾斜输送系数要大于垂直布置时 的倾斜输送系数，所以实际取料能力大于仿真结果。 设计了针对小型巷道的喷浆方案，对喷射角度，一次性喷射厚度，喷枪到巷 道表面距离进行了一定的研究并基于此结果设计了摆臂式湿喷机喷射装置。 对其 中的关键部件回转喷枪进行受力分析以及力学仿真，确定其性能满足使用要求。 搭建出整体的湿喷机取料装置以及喷射装置并进行现场试验，对比人工喷浆，使 用喷射装置进行喷浆具有所喷射的混凝土表面质量高、结构紧密、粉尘低、回弹 率低以及喷浆效率高的优点。 本论文共有图 64 幅，表 12 个，参考文献 112 篇 关键词关键词湿喷机；螺旋取料器；优化设计；仿真模拟；喷射装置 万方数据 II Abstract As one of the key equipment for bolt and shotcrete support, wet shotcreting machine is widely used in railway and highway, subway construction, mine tunnels and water conservancy and hydropower tunnel facilities, and has broad market prospects in infrastructure construction. At present, the reclaiming and loading of wet spraying machines and the spraying work are generally done manually, the labor intensity of workers is high, and the working conditions in the underground are relatively bad, and there is a lot of dust, which poses a serious threat to the health of the workers; at the same time, due to With manual shotcrete, the surface quality of the sprayed concrete is greatly affected by the operating proficiency of the workers, and the quality of the shotcrete is difficult to guarantee. Based on this, this article conducts related research on the reclaimer and the injection device for the specific model of wet spraying machine JSP51H and the specific coal mine roadway. Mathematical modeling of the spiral blade of the shaftless spiral reclaimer of wet spraying machine. The model is an optimization design model with 3 variables, 2 objectives and 10 constraints, and the constrained nonlinear minimization problem fmincon function in MATLAB is used to optimize the design problem. Solve to obtain the best parameters of the spiral blade; analyze the force of the optimized spiral blade, and use ABAQUS software to simulate it; obtain the stress and strain diagrams of the shaftless spiral blade in the process of conveying materials, and determine The mechanical properties of the shaftless spiral blade meet the requirements of use. The EDEM discrete element simulation software is used to simulate the overall reclaiming capacity of the vertical shaftless spiral reclaiming device, and obtain the movement of the material in the reclaiming device, the velocity distribution, mass distribution, energy distribution of the material, and the overall device Reclaiming capacity, etc. The discrete element simulation results show that the material is mainly moved in the axial direction during the conveying process, and only a small part of the material close to the surface of the spiral blade will follow the spiral blade to make a circular motion; during the overall conveying process, materials of different sizes and qualities can be Effective conveying without stratification; the conveying efficiency of the entire screw conveying device is about 5m3/h. The screw conveying device was built for on-site reclaiming test. The results of the on-site reclaiming test showed that the designed screw conveying device can effectively reclaim materials 万方数据 III from stockpiles and mine carts, and the conveying efficiency is about 6m3/h, which is greater than the design requirements This is because in actual use, the shaftless screw conveyor is arranged in a curved manner, so its inclined conveying coefficient is greater than that of the vertical arrangement, so the actual reclaiming capacity is greater than the simulation result. A shotcrete program for small roadways was designed, and the spray angle, one-time spray thickness, and the distance from the spray gun to the roadway surface were studied. Based on the results, a swing arm wet sprayer spraying device was designed. Force analysis and mechanical simulation of the key component of the rotating nozzle are carried out to determine that its perance meets the requirements of use. The overall wet spraying machine reclaiming device and spraying device were built and conducted field tests. Compared with manual spraying, the spraying device for spraying has high quality of the sprayed concrete surface, compact structure, low dust, low rebound rate and spraying. The advantage of high pulping efficiency. Keywords wet spraying machine; screw feeder; optimization design; simulation; spraying device 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘要摘要 .............................................................................................................................. I I 目录目录 ............................................................................................................................ IVIV 图清单图清单 .................................................................................................................... VIIIVIII 表清单表清单 ........................................................................................................................ XIXI 变量注释表变量注释表 .............................................................................................................. XIIXII 1 1 绪论绪论 .......................................................................................................................... 1 1 1.1 选题背景及意义 .............................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .............................................. 3 1.3 研究内容 ................................................... 12 1.4 本章小结 ................................................... 13 2 2 取料装置和喷射装置总体设计取料装置和喷射装置总体设计 ............................................................................ 1414 2.1 井下湿喷机结构 ............................................. 14 2.2 取料装置和喷射装置设计原则 ................................. 16 2.3 取料装置和喷射装置的设计方案 ............................... 17 2.4 本章小结 ................................................... 20 3 3 螺旋取料装置设计螺旋取料装置设计 ................................................................................................ 2222 3.1 垂直螺旋输送机结构分析 ..................................... 22 3.2 输送机理分析 ............................................... 25 3.3 螺旋输送机优化设计 ......................................... 29 3.4 本章小结 ................................................... 42 4 4 螺旋取料装置仿真及试验研究螺旋取料装置仿真及试验研究 ............................................................................ 4343 4.1 螺旋叶片有限元分析 ......................................... 43 4.2 取料装置离散元分析 ......................................... 51 4.3 螺旋取料装置试验研究 ....................................... 65 4.4 本章小结 ................................................... 68 5 5 喷射装置设计及试验研究喷射装置设计及试验研究 .................................................................................... 7070 5.1 喷浆方案设计 ............................................... 70 5.2 喷射装置结构设计 ........................................... 72 5.3 喷射装置试验研究 ........................................... 79 5.4 本章小结 ................................................... 81 万方数据 V 6 6 结论与展望结论与展望 ............................................................................................................ 8282 6.1 结论 ....................................................... 82 6.2 展望 ....................................................... 83 参考文献参考文献 .................................................................................................................... 8484 作者简历作者简历 .................................................................................................................... 9090 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................ 9191 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ........................................................................................................ 9292 万方数据 VI Content Abstract ......................................................................................................................... I Contents ..................................................................................................................... IV List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables .............................................................................................................. XI List of Variables ........................................................................................................ XII 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background and Significance of the Research ................................................. 1 1.2 Background and Significance of the Research ................................................. 3 1.3 Research Content ............................................................................................ 12 1.4 Summary ......................................................................................................... 13 2 Overall Design of Feeding Device and Spraying Device ...................................... 14 2.1 The Structure of the Tunnel Wet Spraying Machine ....................................... 14 2.2 Design Principles of Feeding Device and Spraying Device ........................... 16 2.3 Design of Feeding Device and Spraying Device ............................................ 17 2.4 Summary ......................................................................................................... 20 3 Design of Spiral Feeding Device ............................................................................ 22 3.1 Analysis of the Structure of Vertical Spiral Feeding Device .......................... 22 3.2 Analysis of Conveying principle ..................................................................... 25 3.3 Optimal Design of the Spiral Feeding Device ................................................ 29 3.4 Summary ......................................................................................................... 42 4 Simulation of Spiral Feeding Device ..................................................................... 43 4.1 Analysis of the Screw Machanism with Finite Element ................................. 43 4.2 Analysis of the Screw Machanism with Discrete Element ............................. 51 4.3 Experimental Study on Screw Reclaimer ....................................................... 65 4.4 Summary ......................................................................................................... 68 5 Design and Experimental Study of Injection Device ........................................... 70 5.1 Scheme Design of Shotcrete ........................................................................... 70 5.2 Structure Design of Injection device ............................................................... 72 5.3 Experimental Study on Injection Device ........................................................ 79 5.4 Summary ......................................................................................................... 81 6 Conclusions and Prospections ................................................................................ 82 万方数据 VII 6.1 Conclusions ..................................................................................................... 82 6.2 Prospections .................................................................................................... 83 References ................................................................................................................... 84 Author’s Resume ........................................................................................................ 90 Declaration of Thesis/Dissertation Originality ........................................................ 91 Thesis/Dissertation Data Collection ......................................................................... 92 万方数据 VIII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 干式喷射工艺流程 1 Figure 1-1 process flow chart of dry injection 1 图 1-2 湿式喷射工艺流程 1 Figure 1-2 process flow of wet injection 1 图 1-3 人工喷浆 2 Figure 1-3 Artificial gunning 2 图 1-4 人工上料 2 Figure 1-4 Manual feeding 2 图 1-5 柱塞泵式湿喷机 3 Figure 1-5 Structure diagram of piston pump type wet spraying machine 3 图 1-6 转子式湿喷机 3 Figure 1-6 Structure diagram of Rotor wet spraying machine 3 图 1-7 YPJ-5 型液压取料机 7 Figure 1-7 YPJ-5 hydraulic reclaimer machine 7 图 1-8 YPJ-5 型液压取料机 8 Figure1-8 YPJ-5 hydraulic reclaimer machine 8 图 1-9 链斗式取料装置 9 Figure1-9 Chain-bucket reclaimer machine 9 图 1-10 湿喷机械手 10 Figure 1-10 Wet spray manipulator 10 图 2-1 JSP51H 湿喷机结构图 14 Figure2-1 Structure diagram of jsp51h wet spraying machine 14 图 2-2 抓斗、皮带输送机和螺旋输送机 17 Figure2-2 Grab, belt conveyor and screw conveyor 17