矿用防爆柴油机尾气后处理技术研究.pdf

工程硕士专业学位论文 矿用防爆柴油机尾气后处理技术研究 Study on Exhaust Aftertreatment Technology of Mining Flameproof Diesel Engine 作 者彭 振 导 师阴 妍 副教授 中国矿业大学 二○二一年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书）。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD525 学校代码 10290 UDC 621 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士专业学位论文 矿用防爆柴油机尾气后处理技术研究 Study on Exhaust Aftertreatment Technology of Mining Flameproof Diesel Engine 作 者 彭振 导 师 阴妍 申请学位 工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 机电工程学院 学科专业 机械工程 研究方向 矿井辅助运输 答辩委员会主席 王世博 评 阅 人 二○二一年五月 万方数据 致谢致谢 时光飞逝，三年硕士研究生生活即将结束。回首这三年的时光，百感交集， 酸甜苦辣聚于心头，但更多的是收获，是成长，是感激。 首先要感谢的是我的导师阴妍副教授和鲍久圣教授， 感谢两位老师对于我求 学期间给予的支持和指导。 从论文定题到写作定稿， 倾注了两位老师大量的心血。 在我攻读硕士研究生期间，两位老师严谨的治学态度、渊博的专业知识和积极向 上的人生观都让我受益匪浅。在撰写论文的过程中，老师不耐其烦的为我指导出 其中不足，帮助我逐渐完善论文；在生活上，我深受两位老师的关心，两位老师 对于学生的照顾做到了无微不至。能师从两位恩师是我最大的幸运，在此谨向两 位恩师致以最诚挚的敬意和感谢 感谢众师兄、师弟师妹在学习和生活中提供的帮助和支持感谢董慧丽、刘 琴、谢厚抗、张磊和赵少迪一路走来的陪伴，你们的支持与鼓励是我这三年来最 珍贵的回忆，谢谢 最重要的，我要感谢我的家人。二十载求学之路，家人一直默默支持、鼓励 我，陪伴我成长成熟，在学业、生活和精神上给予我强大的支撑，感谢他们一直 以来给予我的最无私、最伟大的爱。 最后，衷心感谢各位老师和专家在百忙之中评阅此文 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 防爆柴油机是矿井辅助运输设备目前应用最为广泛的动力装置之一， 在煤矿 生产中发挥着重要的作用。受防爆改造与井下恶劣工作环境的影响，防爆柴油机 尾气污染严重，极大危害着井下作业人员的身心健康。尾气后处理技术是当前道 路柴油车必备的技术手段， 但是现阶段对防爆柴油机排放控制技术的研究仍多以 改善缸内燃烧与优化进排气系统流动特性为主。随着排放法规的日益严格，采用 高效后处理技术净化尾气将是防爆柴油机排放控制技术发展的必然方向。因此， 开展防爆柴油机的尾气后处理方法研究、 设计适用于防爆柴油机的尾气后处理系 统，对于推动防爆柴油机排放控制技术发展、促进绿色矿山建设具有重要理论意 义和实用价值。本文以某型防爆柴油机为研究对象，通过仿真与试验相结合的方 式对防爆柴油机尾气后处理系统进行了设计及优化研究，主要内容如下 首先，根据排放法规的发展趋势，面向井下防爆要求，讨论了适用于防爆柴 油机的尾气净化工艺与后处理净化技术方案； 最终确定防爆柴油机尾气后处理系 统采用“DOCDPFSCR防爆组件”的“四元”组合式后处理净化技术方案。 其次， 利用井下混合动力无轨胶轮车试验平台开展了防爆柴油机的外特性运 行试验，根据试验结果校核了基于 GT-Power 软件建立的防爆柴油机仿真模型， 为接下来的后处理系统优化设计研究提供必要的边界条件， 并为后处理系统与防 爆柴油机的耦合分析建立了模型基础。 然后，使用 GT-Power 软件分别搭建 DOC、SCR 和 DPF 后处理装置单元的 仿真模型，并对其进行了优化设计研究，主要内容包括讨论排气边界条件和载 体关键参数对后处理装置性能的影响，并进行正交试验优化设计研究，选择最优 方案；建立防爆柴油机和后处理系统的耦合模型开展仿真分析，并通过台架试验 验证了仿真结果的准确性，结果表明该组合后处理系统对 CO 净化效率在 95 以上，对 NO 净化效率在 90以上，对 HC 净化效率在 83以上，对颗粒物的捕 集效率在 97以上。 综合来说， 本文设计的尾气后处理系统可有效降低污染物排 放，对防爆柴油机排放控制技术的发展具有较好地参考价值。 最后， 针对井下防爆低温要求 （表面温度300℃）的矛盾，使用 STAR-CCM软件对防爆柴油机水夹套排气管进行 了流-固耦合传热分析，研究了排气管内部流体流动与传热情况；在消除冷却水 流动死区的基础上，讨论了水夹套厚度、冷却水温度以及冷却水流量对排气管表 面温度及内部排气温度的影响，为后处理装置的防爆改装提供一定的理论指导。 该论文有图 69 幅，表 10 个，参考文献 103 篇。 关键词关键词防爆柴油机；尾气后处理；四元组合；结构优化；台架试验 万方数据 II Abstract Flameproof diesel engine is one of the most widely used power devices in mine auxiliary transportation equipment, which plays an important role in coal mine production. Under the influence of flameproof transation and harsh underground environment, the exhaust pollution of flameproof diesel engine is serious, which greatly endangers the physical and mental health of underground workers. Exhaust aftertreatment technology is a necessary technical means for road diesel vehicles, but at present, the research on emission control technology of flameproof diesel engine is mainly focused on improving in cylinder combustion and optimizing flow characteristics of intake and exhaust system. With the increasingly stringent emission regulations, it will be the inevitable direction for the development of emission control technology of flameproof diesel engine to adopt efficient aftertreatment technology to purify exhaust gas. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to carry out the research on the exhaust aftertreatment of flameproof diesel engine and design exhaust aftertreatment system suitable for flameproof diesel engine to promoting the development of emission control technology of flameproof diesel engine and promoting the construction of green mine. In this paper, a certain type of flameproof diesel engine is taken as the research object, and the design and optimization for exhaust aftertreatment system are studied through the combination of simulation and experiment. Firstly, according to the development trend of emission regulations and requirements of coal mine safety regulations, the exhaust gas purification process and aftertreatment technology route suitable for flameproof diesel engine are discussed. It is determined that the “four element“ combined exhaust aftertreatment process of “DOCDPFSCRflameproof components“ is adopted in the exhaust aftertreatment system of flameproof diesel engine. Secondly, using the underground hybrid trackless rubber tyred vehicle test plat, the external characteristic operation test of the flameproof diesel engine is carried out. According to the test results, the perance simulation model of the flameproof diesel engine based on GT-Power software is checked, which provides the necessary boundary conditions for optimization design of the aftertreatment system, and establishes the foundation for coupling analysis of the aftertreatment system and the flameproof diesel engine model basis. 万方数据 III Then, the simulation models of DOC, SCR and DPF aftertreatment units are built by GT-Power software, and the optimization design of the exhaust aftertreatment device is studied. The main contents include discussing the exhaust boundary conditions and key structural parameters on the perance of aftertreatment device, and optimizing the structure by using orthogonal test. The coupling model of flameproof diesel engine and aftertreatment system is established to carry out simulation analysis, and the accuracy of simulation results is verified by plat test. The results show that the CO purification efficiency is more than 95, NO purification efficiency is more than 90, HC purification efficiency is more than 83, and the particulate matter capture efficiency is more than 97. Generally speaking, the exhaust aftertreatment system designed could effectively reduce the pollutant emissions, which has a good reference value for the development of emission control technology of flameproof diesel engine. Finally, in view of the contradiction between the low temperature requirement of flameproof surface temperature 300℃, the fluid structure coupling heat transfer analysis of the exhaust pipe water-jacket is carried out by using STAR-CCM, and the fluid flow and heat transfer in the exhaust pipe are studied. On the basis of eliminating the dead zone of cooling water flow, the influence of thickness of water-jacket, the temperature of cooling water and the flow rate of cooling water on surface temperature and the internal exhaust temperature of the exhaust pipe are discussed, which could provides theoretical guidance for flameproof retrofit of exhaust aftertreatment device. This paper has 69 figures, 10 tables and 103 reference. Keywords flameproof diesel engine; exhaust aftertreatment; combination of four elements; structure optimization; plat test 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘要摘要................................................................................................................................ I 目录目录............................................................................................................................. IV 图清单图清单...................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单........................................................................................................................ XII 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................. XIII 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 课题研究背景及意义 ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 研究内容及目标 ..................................................................................................... 7 1.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................. 8 2 防爆柴油机尾气后处理方法研究防爆柴油机尾气后处理方法研究 ........................................................................... 9 2.1 引言 ......................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 柴油机尾气后处理技术简介 ................................................................................. 9 2.3 防爆柴油机“四元”组合式尾气后处理工艺设计 ............................................... 13 2.4 防爆柴油机尾气后处理系统设计 ....................................................................... 14 2.5 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 15 3 防爆柴油机试验研究及仿真建模防爆柴油机试验研究及仿真建模 ......................................................................... 16 3.1 引言 ....................................................................................................................... 16 3.2 防爆柴油机运行试验 ........................................................................................... 16 3.3 防爆柴油机整机建模 ........................................................................................... 20 3.4 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 25 4 防爆柴油机后处理系统优化设计研究防爆柴油机后处理系统优化设计研究 ................................................................. 26 4.1 引言 ....................................................................................................................... 26 4.2 DOC 优化设计研究 .............................................................................................. 26 4.3 SCR 优化设计研究 ............................................................................................... 32 4.4 DPF 关键参数优化分析 ....................................................................................... 38 4.5 防爆柴油机与后处理系统耦合仿真分析 ........................................................... 40 4.6 耦合分析的试验验证 ........................................................................................... 44 4.7 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 46 5 防爆柴油机排气管水冷结构研究防爆柴油机排气管水冷结构研究 ......................................................................... 47 万方数据 V 5.1 引言 ....................................................................................................................... 47 5.2 排气管流体流动与传热分析 ............................................................................... 47 5.3 排气管水夹套结构优化设计 ............................................................................... 52 5.4 排气管传热特性仿真分析 ................................................................................... 54 5.5 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 57 6 结论与展望结论与展望 ............................................................................................................. 58 6.1 结论 ....................................................................................................................... 58 6.2 展望 ....................................................................................................................... 59 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 60 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 66 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 67 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 68 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ II Contents ..................................................................................................................... VI List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ............................................................................................................. XII List of Variables ...................................................................................................... XIII 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background and Research Significance ................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Status Around the World .......................................................................... 2 1.3 Main Investigations and Objects of the Thesis ........................................................ 7 1.4 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................... 8 2 Study on Aftertreatment for Flameproof Diesel Engine ......................... 9 2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 9 2.2 Introduction of Diesel Engine Exhaust Aftertreatment Technology ........................ 9 2.3 Design of “Four Element” Combined Aftertreatment Process for Flameproof Diesel Engine ............................................................................................................... 13 2.4 Design of Aftertreatment System for Flameproof Diesel Engine .......................... 14 2.5 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 15 3 Experimental Study and Simulation Modeling of Flameproof Diesel Engine ... 16 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 16 3.2 Operation Test of Flameproof Diesel Engine ........................................................ 16 3.3 Modeling of Flameproof Diesel Engine ................................................................ 20 3.4 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 25 4 Research on Optimization Design of Aftertreatment System for Flameproof Diesel Engine .............................................................................................................. 26 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 26 4.2 Research on DOC Optimization Design .....................